1- Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
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Extended Abstract
Introduction and Objective : Starch is the primary source of energy in poultry diets. The use of carbohydrate sources in the diet due to having high levels of fibers or non-starch polysaccharides can have adverse effects on the physiology of the digestive system. Although broiler diets are generally corn-based, some nutrients are more abundant in wheat than in corn. However, the use of wheat in feeding broilers is limited due to the presence of water-soluble non-starch polysaccharides (xylans and beta-glucans) because they have an anti-nutritional role. These wheat compounds increase the viscosity of materials in the digestive tract and reduce the digestibility of lipid, starch and protein, change the intestinal microbial flora and reduce the physiological and morphological changes (tissue properties) of the digestive tract and ultimately lead to a decrease in bird performance. they become Therefore, the use of emulsifiers may lead to an increase in the digestion of nutrients in diets containing non-starch polysaccharides. Among the effective phospholipid emulsifiers in the digestion and absorption of fat in birds, lysophospholipid can be mentioned. Lysophospholipids are natural surfactants obtained from the hydrolysis of phospholipids by the enzyme phospholipase A2. Lysophospholipids have a higher capacity to form micelles, the formation of fine micelles is very important and leads to higher absorption of fat. Therefore, the present experiment was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of lysophospholipid and starch sources on the performance, carcass characteristics and blood parameters of broiler chickens.
Material and Methods : This experiment was performed with 400 on-d-old male Ross 308 broiler chickens in a completely randomized design with 2×2×2 factorial arrangement including eight levels of Two types of rations (corn, wheat) and two levels of lysophospholipid (0 and 0.01%) and two levels of Lecithin (0 and 1%) was performed. For each experimental treatment, five replications containing 10 birds were assigned. During the experiment, feed intake and body weight were measured periodically. At the end of the experiment, two birds were selected from each replicate and their carcass characteristics were examined after slaughter. At 21 and 42 days of age, two chicks were selected based on the average body weight of each replicate and blood was drawn from their wing vein.
Conclusion: The results of the experiment showed that the effect of starch source (corn and wheat) on feed consumption in the final period was significant, so that the feed consumption of broiler chickens fed with a diet containing wheat compared to a diet containing corn in the final period increased significantly (P < 0.05). Addition of lysophospholipid to diets containing wheat and corn caused an increase in weight during the growth period and a decrease in the feed conversion ratio during the growth period and the entire period (P < 0.05). Also, the influence of starch source (corn and wheat) on spleen weight was significant. So that the weight of the spleen of broiler chickens fed with corn diet compared to wheat diet increased significantly (P < 0.05). By adding lysophospholipid to diets containing wheat and corn, the percentage of carcass and breast increased and fat in the abdominal cavity decreased (P < 0.05). The interaction effects of diet type, lysophospholipid and lecithin caused a significant increase in breast weight (P < 0.05). Also, the interaction effects of diet type, lysophospholipid and lecithin on liver weight were significant. By adding lysophospholipid to diets containing corn and wheat at the age of 21 days, the concentration of glucose, cholesterol and HDL decreased and the concentration of uric acid increased (P < 0.05). Also, adding lecithin to diets containing corn and wheat at the age of 21 days decreased the concentration of glucose, cholesterol and HDL and increased the concentration of uric acid (P < 0.05). At the age of 38 days, adding lysophospholipid to the diets containing corn and wheat decreased the concentration of albumin and increased the concentration of triglyceride and VLDL (P < 0.05). But by adding lecithin to diets containing corn and wheat, the concentration of albumin decreased and the concentration of triglyceride and VLDL increased (P < 0.05). However, the effect of starch source (corn and wheat) and the interaction effects of diet type, lysophospholipid and lecithin had no significant effect on blood chemical metabolites at the age of 21 and 38 days.
Results: The results of the present experiment showed that the use of lysophospholipid in the diet containing wheat had a positive effect on the carcass characteristics and caused a decrease in abdominal cavity fat and an increase in the carcass percentage and breast weight of broiler chickens. Also, the addition of lysophospholipid in diets containing corn and wheat caused a decrease in the feed conversion ratio in the growth and final periods and an increase in weight in the growth period of broiler chickens.
Introduction and Objective : Starch is the primary source of energy in poultry diets. The use of carbohydrate sources in the diet due to having high levels of fibers or non-starch polysaccharides can have adverse effects on the physiology of the digestive system. Although broiler diets are generally corn-based, some nutrients are more abundant in wheat than in corn. However, the use of wheat in feeding broilers is limited due to the presence of water-soluble non-starch polysaccharides (xylans and beta-glucans) because they have an anti-nutritional role. These wheat compounds increase the viscosity of materials in the digestive tract and reduce the digestibility of lipid, starch and protein, change the intestinal microbial flora and reduce the physiological and morphological changes (tissue properties) of the digestive tract and ultimately lead to a decrease in bird performance. they become Therefore, the use of emulsifiers may lead to an increase in the digestion of nutrients in diets containing non-starch polysaccharides. Among the effective phospholipid emulsifiers in the digestion and absorption of fat in birds, lysophospholipid can be mentioned. Lysophospholipids are natural surfactants obtained from the hydrolysis of phospholipids by the enzyme phospholipase A2. Lysophospholipids have a higher capacity to form micelles, the formation of fine micelles is very important and leads to higher absorption of fat. Therefore, the present experiment was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of lysophospholipid and starch sources on the performance, carcass characteristics and blood parameters of broiler chickens.
Material and Methods : This experiment was performed with 400 on-d-old male Ross 308 broiler chickens in a completely randomized design with 2×2×2 factorial arrangement including eight levels of Two types of rations (corn, wheat) and two levels of lysophospholipid (0 and 0.01%) and two levels of Lecithin (0 and 1%) was performed. For each experimental treatment, five replications containing 10 birds were assigned. During the experiment, feed intake and body weight were measured periodically. At the end of the experiment, two birds were selected from each replicate and their carcass characteristics were examined after slaughter. At 21 and 42 days of age, two chicks were selected based on the average body weight of each replicate and blood was drawn from their wing vein.
Conclusion: The results of the experiment showed that the effect of starch source (corn and wheat) on feed consumption in the final period was significant, so that the feed consumption of broiler chickens fed with a diet containing wheat compared to a diet containing corn in the final period increased significantly (P < 0.05). Addition of lysophospholipid to diets containing wheat and corn caused an increase in weight during the growth period and a decrease in the feed conversion ratio during the growth period and the entire period (P < 0.05). Also, the influence of starch source (corn and wheat) on spleen weight was significant. So that the weight of the spleen of broiler chickens fed with corn diet compared to wheat diet increased significantly (P < 0.05). By adding lysophospholipid to diets containing wheat and corn, the percentage of carcass and breast increased and fat in the abdominal cavity decreased (P < 0.05). The interaction effects of diet type, lysophospholipid and lecithin caused a significant increase in breast weight (P < 0.05). Also, the interaction effects of diet type, lysophospholipid and lecithin on liver weight were significant. By adding lysophospholipid to diets containing corn and wheat at the age of 21 days, the concentration of glucose, cholesterol and HDL decreased and the concentration of uric acid increased (P < 0.05). Also, adding lecithin to diets containing corn and wheat at the age of 21 days decreased the concentration of glucose, cholesterol and HDL and increased the concentration of uric acid (P < 0.05). At the age of 38 days, adding lysophospholipid to the diets containing corn and wheat decreased the concentration of albumin and increased the concentration of triglyceride and VLDL (P < 0.05). But by adding lecithin to diets containing corn and wheat, the concentration of albumin decreased and the concentration of triglyceride and VLDL increased (P < 0.05). However, the effect of starch source (corn and wheat) and the interaction effects of diet type, lysophospholipid and lecithin had no significant effect on blood chemical metabolites at the age of 21 and 38 days.
Results: The results of the present experiment showed that the use of lysophospholipid in the diet containing wheat had a positive effect on the carcass characteristics and caused a decrease in abdominal cavity fat and an increase in the carcass percentage and breast weight of broiler chickens. Also, the addition of lysophospholipid in diets containing corn and wheat caused a decrease in the feed conversion ratio in the growth and final periods and an increase in weight in the growth period of broiler chickens.
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