1. Alp, M., R. Kahraman, N. Kocabağlı, M. Eren and H.S. Şenel. 1993. Lactiferm-L% ve bazı antibiyotiklerin broyler performansı, abdominal yağ ve incebağırsak ağırlığı ile kan kolesterolüne etkileri. İstanbul Univ. Vet. Fak. Derg, 19: 145-157.
2. Arslan, C. and M. Saatci. 2004. Effects of probiotic administration either as feed additive or by drinking water on performance and blood parameters of Japanese quail. Archiv Fur Geflugelkunde, 68(4): 160-163.
3. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 2006. 18th ed, Washington, D.C., USA.
4. Barbosa Lima, R., J.H.V. da Silva, P.E.N. Givisiez, T.D.D. Martins, E.P. Saraiva, F.G.P. Costa and M. Macari. 2014. Influence of environmental temperature and electrolyte balance on the performance of quails (Coturnix Coturnix Coturnix). Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 16(3): 249-256. [
DOI:10.1590/1516-635x1603249-256]
5. Bilal, T., C. Kutay and I. Abos. 2000. The effects of broiler act on performance and feed digestibility of broilers t.Archiv Für GeAügelkunde. 364 (3): 134-138.
6. Borgatti, L.M.O., R.D. Albuquerque, N.C. Meister, L.W.O. Souza, F.R.D. Lima and T. Neto. 2004. Performance of broilers fed diets with different dietary electrolyte balance under summer conditions. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 6(3):153-157. [
DOI:10.1590/S1516-635X2004000300004]
7. Borges, S.A., A.V. Fischer da Silva, J. Ariki, D.M. Hooge and K.R. Cummings. 2003. Dietary electrolyte balance for broiler chickens under moderately high ambient temperatures and relative humidities. Poultry Science, 82(2): 301-308. [
DOI:10.1093/ps/82.2.301]
8. De Rensis, F. and R.J. Scaramuzzi. 2003. Heat stress and seasonal effects on reproduction in the dairy cow-a review. Theriogenology, 60: 1139-51. [
DOI:10.1016/S0093-691X(03)00126-2]
9. Homma, H. and T. Shinohara. 2004. Effects of probiotic bacillus cereus toyoi on abdominal fat accumulation in the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica).Animal Science Journal, 75: 37-41. [
DOI:10.1111/j.1740-0929.2004.00152.x]
10. Jin, L.Z., Y.W. Ho, N. Abdullah and S. Jalaludin. 1998. Growth performance, intestinal microbial populations, and serum cholesterol of broilers fed diets containing lactobacillus cultures. Poultry Science, 77(9):1259-1265. [
DOI:10.1093/ps/77.9.1259]
11. Kahraman, R., H. Özpinar, I. Abaș, H. Eseceli, T. Bilal and H.C. Kutay. 2000. Effects of probiotic and antibiotic on performance of broilers. Archiv für Geflügelkunde, 64(2): 70-74.
12. Lesson, S. and J.D. Summers. 2001. Scott's nutrition of the chicken. University Book. Guelph, Canada, 396 pp.
13. Mongin, P. 1981. Recent advances in dietary anion-cation balance: applications in poultry. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 40(3): 285-294. [
DOI:10.1079/PNS19810045]
14. Nasehi, B., M. Chaji, M. Ghodsi and M. Puranian. 2015. Effect of diet containing probiotic on the properties of Japanese quail meat during the storage time. Iranian Journal of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology, 9(4): 77-86 (In Persian).
15. National Research Council. 1994. Nutrient requirements of poultry: 1994. National Academies Press, 978 pp
16. Ravindran, V., A.J. Cowieson and P.H. Selle. 2008. Influence of dietary electrolyte balance and microbial phytase on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and excreta quality of broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 87: 677-688. [
DOI:10.3382/ps.2007-00247]
17. Sadeghi A.R. 2015. Effects of dietary threonine and a multi strains probiotic (Primalac) supplementation on growth performance, blood metabolites and carcass characteristics in Japanese quails. Poultry Science Journal, 3(2): 135-141.
18. Roth, F.X. and M. Kirchgessner. 1986. Nutritive effects of streptococcus faecium (strain M 74) in broiler chicks. Archiv fuer Gefluegelkunde, Germany, FR.
19. Sandikci, M., U. Eren, A.G. Onol and S. Kum. 2004. The effect of heat stress and the use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae or (and) bacitracin zinc against heat stress on the intestinal mucosa in quails. Revue De Médecine Vétérinaire, 155: 552-556.
20. Kul, S., I. Seker and O. Yildirim. 2006. Effect of separate and mixed rearing according to sex on fattening performance and carcass characteristics in Japanese quails (Coturnix Coturnix Japonica). Archiv Fur Tierzucht, 49(6): 607-614. [
DOI:10.5194/aab-49-607-2006]
21. Seifi, K., M.A. Karimi torshizi, S. Rahimi and A. Teimouri Yansari. 2015. The comparison of probiotics intake via oral and enema (Cloaca) routes on intestinal morphology and performance of Japanese quails. Research on Animal Production, 6(12).
22. Sinha, R., S.A. Lone, A. Ranjan, A. Rahim, I. Devi and S. Tiwari. 2017. The impact of climate change on livestock production and reproduction: ameliorative management. International Journal of Livestock Research, 7(6): 18. [
DOI:10.5455/ijlr.20170417042102]
23. Sohail, M.U., M.E. Hume, J.A. Byrd, D.J. Nisbet, A. Ijaz, A. Sohail, M.Z. Shabbir and H. Rehman. 2012. Effect of supplementation of prebiotic mannan oligosaccharides and probiotic mixture on growth performance of broilers subjected to chronic heat stress. Poultry Science, 91: 2235-2240. [
DOI:10.3382/ps.2012-02182]
24. Vahdatpour, T. 2019. Effects of feed additives on biochemical and immunological indices of blood and performance of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix Japonica). Research on Animal Production, 9(22). [
DOI:10.29252/rap.9.22.40]
25. Vali1, N. and M.R. Kalantari. 2017. Effect of different levels of sumac powder (Rhus coriaria L.) and probiotic protexin on performance, carcass characteristics and length of intestines of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) in growth period. Livestock Research (Quarterly), 5(2): 63-71.
26. Vieira, D.V., T.P. Bonaparte, J.G. DeVargas Junior, A. Walter, D. Soares and S. Vieites. 2015. Electrolyte balance and crude protein requirement of laying Japanese quail. Semina Ciências Agrárias, 36(6): 3965-3976. [
DOI:10.5433/1679-0359.2015v36n6p3965]
27. Yeo, J. and K.I. Kim. 1997. Effect of feeding diets containing an antibiotic, a probiotic, or yucca extract on growth and intestinal urease activity in broiler chicks. Poultry Science, 76(2): 381-385. [
DOI:10.1093/ps/76.2.381]
28. Alp, M., R. Kahraman, N. Kocabağlı, M. Eren and H.S. Şenel. 1993. Lactiferm-L% ve bazı antibiyotiklerin broyler performansı, abdominal yağ ve incebağırsak ağırlığı ile kan kolesterolüne etkileri. İstanbul Univ. Vet. Fak. Derg, 19: 145-157.
29. Arslan, C. and M. Saatci. 2004. Effects of probiotic administration either as feed additive or by drinking water on performance and blood parameters of Japanese quail. Archiv Fur Geflugelkunde, 68(4): 160-163.
30. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 2006. 18th ed, Washington, D.C., USA.
31. Barbosa Lima, R., J.H.V. da Silva, P.E.N. Givisiez, T.D.D. Martins, E.P. Saraiva, F.G.P. Costa and M. Macari. 2014. Influence of environmental temperature and electrolyte balance on the performance of quails (Coturnix Coturnix Coturnix). Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 16(3): 249-256. [
DOI:10.1590/1516-635x1603249-256]
32. Bilal, T., C. Kutay and I. Abos. 2000. The effects of broiler act on performance and feed digestibility of broilers t.Archiv Für GeAügelkunde. 364 (3): 134-138.
33. Borgatti, L.M.O., R.D. Albuquerque, N.C. Meister, L.W.O. Souza, F.R.D. Lima and T. Neto. 2004. Performance of broilers fed diets with different dietary electrolyte balance under summer conditions. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 6(3):153-157. [
DOI:10.1590/S1516-635X2004000300004]
34. Borges, S.A., A.V. Fischer da Silva, J. Ariki, D.M. Hooge and K.R. Cummings. 2003. Dietary electrolyte balance for broiler chickens under moderately high ambient temperatures and relative humidities. Poultry Science, 82(2): 301-308. [
DOI:10.1093/ps/82.2.301]
35. De Rensis, F. and R.J. Scaramuzzi. 2003. Heat stress and seasonal effects on reproduction in the dairy cow-a review. Theriogenology, 60: 1139-51. [
DOI:10.1016/S0093-691X(03)00126-2]
36. Homma, H. and T. Shinohara. 2004. Effects of probiotic bacillus cereus toyoi on abdominal fat accumulation in the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica).Animal Science Journal, 75: 37-41. [
DOI:10.1111/j.1740-0929.2004.00152.x]
37. Jin, L.Z., Y.W. Ho, N. Abdullah and S. Jalaludin. 1998. Growth performance, intestinal microbial populations, and serum cholesterol of broilers fed diets containing lactobacillus cultures. Poultry Science, 77(9):1259-1265. [
DOI:10.1093/ps/77.9.1259]
38. Kahraman, R., H. Özpinar, I. Abaș, H. Eseceli, T. Bilal and H.C. Kutay. 2000. Effects of probiotic and antibiotic on performance of broilers. Archiv für Geflügelkunde, 64(2): 70-74.
39. Lesson, S. and J.D. Summers. 2001. Scott's nutrition of the chicken. University Book. Guelph, Canada, 396 pp.
40. Mongin, P. 1981. Recent advances in dietary anion-cation balance: applications in poultry. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 40(3): 285-294. [
DOI:10.1079/PNS19810045]
41. Nasehi, B., M. Chaji, M. Ghodsi and M. Puranian. 2015. Effect of diet containing probiotic on the properties of Japanese quail meat during the storage time. Iranian Journal of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology, 9(4): 77-86 (In Persian).
42. National Research Council. 1994. Nutrient requirements of poultry: 1994. National Academies Press, 978 pp
43. Ravindran, V., A.J. Cowieson and P.H. Selle. 2008. Influence of dietary electrolyte balance and microbial phytase on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and excreta quality of broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 87: 677-688. [
DOI:10.3382/ps.2007-00247]
44. Sadeghi A.R. 2015. Effects of dietary threonine and a multi strains probiotic (Primalac) supplementation on growth performance, blood metabolites and carcass characteristics in Japanese quails. Poultry Science Journal, 3(2): 135-141.
45. Roth, F.X. and M. Kirchgessner. 1986. Nutritive effects of streptococcus faecium (strain M 74) in broiler chicks. Archiv fuer Gefluegelkunde, Germany, FR.
46. Sandikci, M., U. Eren, A.G. Onol and S. Kum. 2004. The effect of heat stress and the use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae or (and) bacitracin zinc against heat stress on the intestinal mucosa in quails. Revue De Médecine Vétérinaire, 155: 552-556.
47. Kul, S., I. Seker and O. Yildirim. 2006. Effect of separate and mixed rearing according to sex on fattening performance and carcass characteristics in Japanese quails (Coturnix Coturnix Japonica). Archiv Fur Tierzucht, 49(6): 607-614. [
DOI:10.5194/aab-49-607-2006]
48. Seifi, K., M.A. Karimi torshizi, S. Rahimi and A. Teimouri Yansari. 2015. The comparison of probiotics intake via oral and enema (Cloaca) routes on intestinal morphology and performance of Japanese quails. Research on Animal Production, 6(12).
49. Sinha, R., S.A. Lone, A. Ranjan, A. Rahim, I. Devi and S. Tiwari. 2017. The impact of climate change on livestock production and reproduction: ameliorative management. International Journal of Livestock Research, 7(6): 18. [
DOI:10.5455/ijlr.20170417042102]
50. Sohail, M.U., M.E. Hume, J.A. Byrd, D.J. Nisbet, A. Ijaz, A. Sohail, M.Z. Shabbir and H. Rehman. 2012. Effect of supplementation of prebiotic mannan oligosaccharides and probiotic mixture on growth performance of broilers subjected to chronic heat stress. Poultry Science, 91: 2235-2240. [
DOI:10.3382/ps.2012-02182]
51. Vahdatpour, T. 2019. Effects of feed additives on biochemical and immunological indices of blood and performance of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix Japonica). Research on Animal Production, 9(22). [
DOI:10.29252/rap.9.22.40]
52. Vali1, N. and M.R. Kalantari. 2017. Effect of different levels of sumac powder (Rhus coriaria L.) and probiotic protexin on performance, carcass characteristics and length of intestines of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) in growth period. Livestock Research (Quarterly), 5(2): 63-71.
53. Vieira, D.V., T.P. Bonaparte, J.G. DeVargas Junior, A. Walter, D. Soares and S. Vieites. 2015. Electrolyte balance and crude protein requirement of laying Japanese quail. Semina Ciências Agrárias, 36(6): 3965-3976. [
DOI:10.5433/1679-0359.2015v36n6p3965]
54. Yeo, J. and K.I. Kim. 1997. Effect of feeding diets containing an antibiotic, a probiotic, or yucca extract on growth and intestinal urease activity in broiler chicks. Poultry Science, 76(2): 381-385. [
DOI:10.1093/ps/76.2.381]