1. Abdollahpour, G. R., Shafighi, S. T., & SATARI, T. S. (2009). Serodiagnosis of leptospirosis in cattle in north of Iran, Guilan.
2. Abdollah, G., Ramin, A., & Sanajoo, D. (2016). Seroinvestigation of buffaloes leptospirosis in Urmia district. Animal Science Research, 26(2), 59-68.
3. Abdollahpour, G. (1995). Bovine Leptospirosis: With a Special Reference to Leptospira Interrogans Serovar Hardjo. University of Sydney.
4. Ahmed, S. A., Sandai, D. A., Musa, S., Hoe, C. H., Riadzi, M., Lau, K. L., & Tang, T. H. (2012). Rapid diagnosis of leptospirosis by multiplex PCR. The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences: MJMS, 19(3), 9.
5. Aqib, A. I., Ijaz, M., Farooqi, S. H., Shoaib, M., Kulyar, M. F.-A., & Yasmeen, K. (2019). Leptospirosis: Rising Nuisance for cattle and threat to public health. In Bacterial Cattle Diseases. IntechOpen. [
DOI:10.5772/intechopen.82211]
6. Bal, A. E., Gravekamp, C., Hartskeerl, R. A., De Meza-Brewster, J., Korver, H., & Terpstra, W. J. (1994). Detection of leptospires in urine by PCR for early diagnosis of leptospirosis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 32(8), 1894-1898. [
DOI:10.1128/jcm.32.8.1894-1898.1994]
7. Constable, P. D., Hinchcliff, K. W., Done, S. H., & Grünberg, W. (2016). Veterinary medicine: a textbook of the diseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs and goats. Elsevier Health Sciences.
8. Durham, P. J. K., & Paine, G. D. (1997). Serological survey for antibodies to infectious agents in beef cattle in northern South Australia. [
DOI:10.1111/j.1751-0813.1997.tb14176.x]
9. Ebrahimi, A., Nasr, Z., & Kojouri, G. A. (2004). Seroinvestigation of bovine leptospirosis in Shahrekord district, central Iran. Australian Veterinary Journal, 75(2), 139-40
10. Esmaeili, S., Naddaf, S. R., Pourhossein, B., Hashemi Shahraki, A., Bagheri Amiri, F., Gouya, M. M., & Mostafavi, E. (2016). Seroprevalence of brucellosis, leptospirosis, and Q fever among butchers and slaughterhouse workers in south-eastern Iran. PloS One, 11(1), e0144953. [
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0144953]
11. Froutani, P., Hamali, H., Jozani, R. J., Abdollahpour, G., Katayon, N., & Norsaadat, G. (2014). A survey on abortions caused by Leptospira spp. in sheep flocks located on the suburb of Tabriz-Iran. Wulfenia, 21(1), 134-144.
12. Gorbani, I., Hassanpour, A., & Hassanpour, A. (2016). Seroprevalence of Leptospira interrogans infection in the dairy cows in Mahabad area in Iran. International Journal of Advanced Life Sciences, 9(2), 212-216.
13. Haji Hajikolaei, M. R., Ghorbanpour, M., Gharibi, D., & Abdollapour, G. R. (2007). Serologic study on leptospiral infection in sheep in Ahvaz, southwestern Iran. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research, 8(4), 333-336.
14. Hamali, H., Jafari Jozani, R., Nofouzi, K., Ashrafi Helan, J., & Jabbari, H. (2013). Prevalence survey of abortions caused by Leptospira, Brucella and Campylobacter spp. in the dairy cattle by molecular method. Iranian Veterinary Journal, 9(2), 51-59.
15. Hassanpour, A., Fartashvand, F., Abdollahpour, G., Mogaddam, G. A., Nadalian, M. G., & Sattari, S. (2007). Seroprevalence of leptospiral infection in dairy herds in Tabriz-Iran. Pajouhesh and Sazandegi, 74, 67-77.
16. Jafari Dehkordi, A., Shahbazkia, H., & Ronagh, N. (2011). Evaluation of pathogenic serovars of Leptospira interrogans in dairy cattle herds of Shahrekord by PCR. Iranian Journal of Microbiology, 3(3), 135-139.
17. Kabiri, F., Mahzounieh, M., Ebrahimi, K. A., & Mokhtari, A. (2016). Genomic identification of campylobacter fetus and leptospira introgans in aborted sheep fetuses in the selected provinces of Iran by PCR. Journal of Comparative Pathobiology, 13(2), 1917-1926.
18. Khalili, M., Sakhaee, E., Amiri, F. B., Safat, A. A., Afshar, D., & Esmaeili, S. (2020). Serological evidence of leptospirosis in Iran; A systematic review and meta-analysis. Microbial Pathogenesis, 138, 103833. [
DOI:10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103833]
19. Lucchesi, P., Arroyo, G. H., Etcheverría, A. I., Parma, A. E., & Seijo, A. C. (2004). Recommendations for the detection of Leptospira in urine by PCR. Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, 37, 131-134. [
DOI:10.1590/S0037-86822004000200003]
20. Maleki, S., Sookhtehzari, A., & Abdollahpour, G. (2015). Serodiagnosis of leptospirosis in Cattle in Khorramabad, west Iran. Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences, 9, 173-176.
21. Nateghian, A., Hoseini, S., & Lavasani, A. (2012). Leptospirosis mimicking collagen vascular disease in a thirteen-year-old Iranian girl. Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases, 7(2), e13948 [
DOI:10.5812/archcid.13948]
22. Park, Y. G., Gordon, J. C., Bech-Nielsen, S., & Slemons, R. D. (1992). Factors for seropositivity to leptospirosis in horses. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 13(2), 121-127. [
DOI:10.1016/0167-5877(92)90096-X]
23. Radostits OM., CC, Gay., & KW, H. (2007). Veterinary Medicine - A Textbook of the Diseases of Cattle, Horses, Sheep, Pigs, and Goats. 10. ed. (10th ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders.
24. Ramin A. Gh., & Abdollahpour G., Azizzadeh F., Ghahramani P.3, M. A., and R. S. (2012). Seroepidemiological detection of antibodies against leptospira using microscopical agglutination test in Urmia cow and sheep. Iranian Veterinary Journal. 9(3), 54-61.
25. Rodrigues, C. G., Müller, E. E., & Freitas, J. C. D. (1999). Leptospirose bovina: sorologia na bacia leiteira da região de Londrina, Paraná, Brasil. Ciência Rural, 29, 309-314. [
DOI:10.1590/S0103-84781999000200020]
26. Sakhaee, E., Abdollahpour, G.R., Bolourchi, M., Hasani Tabatabayi, A.M., & Sattari Tabrizi, S. (2007). Serologic and bacteriologic diagnosis of bovine leptospirosis in Tehran suburb dairy farms. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research, 8(4), 325-332.
27. Silva, R. C. D., Costa, V. M. D., Shimabukuro, F. H., Richini-Pereira, V. B., Menozzi, B. D., & Langoni, H. (2012). Frequência de Leptospira spp. em ovinos abatidos em matadouros brasileiros e sua associação com variáveis epidemiológicas. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, 32, 194-198. [
DOI:10.1590/S0100-736X2012000300002]
28. Smith, B. P., Van Metre, D. C. & Pusterla, N. (2019). Large Animal Internal Medicine (Sixth Edit). Elsevier Health Sciences. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780323554459/large-animal-internal-medicine#book-description
29. Szyfres, B. (1976). Leptospirosis as an animal and public health problem in Latin America and the Caribbean area. Bulletin of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO); 10 (2), 1976.
30. Talebkhan Garousi, M., Vandyousefi, J., Familghadakchi, H., & Nowrouzian, I. (2003). A seroepidemiological survey of leptospiral infection in dairy cattle herds and their employees in Mashhad suburb in Iran. Journal of Veterinary Research, 58(1), 89-94.
31. Tooloei, M., Abdollapour, G., Karimi, H., & Hasanpor, A. (2008). Prevalence of serum antibodies against six leptospira serovars in sheep in Tabriz, Northwestern Iran. Journal of Buffalo Science, 3(3), 76-81 [
DOI:10.6000/1927-520X.2014.03.03.2]
32. Turner, L. H. (1968). Leptospirosis II. Serology. [
DOI:10.1016/0035-9203(68)90017-5]
33. Zakeri, S., Khorami, N., Ganji, Z. F., Sepahian, N., Malmasi, A.-A., Gouya, M. M., & Djadid, N. D. (2010). Leptospira wolffii, a potential new pathogenic Leptospira species detected in human, sheep and dog. Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 10(2), 273-277. [
DOI:10.1016/j.meegid.2010.01.001]
34. Zakeri, S., Sepahian, N., Afsharpad, M., Esfandiari, B., Ziapour, P., & Djadid, N. D. (2010). Molecular epidemiology of leptospirosis in northern Iran by nested polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing methods. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 82(5), 899. [
DOI:10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0721]