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Showing 8 results for Salehi
Polymorphism of OPN and UTMP Genes in the Iranian Holstein Bulls
Khadije Nasiri, Abdolreza Salehi, Ahad Yusefi , Mahdi Aminafshar,
Volume 5, Issue 10 (2-2015)
Abstract

  OPN gene is located in the middle of chromosome 6 and it is reported that this gene is essential for the growth of mammary glands and lactation . UTMP gene is located on chromosome 21 and it plays a role in embryo survival rates and fertility rates . Studies have also shown that these two genes have a significant association with milk production traits and health traits. The aim of this study was to investigate the polymorphism of OPN and UTMP genes in Iranian Holstein Bulls. Genomic DNA of 100 bulls was extracted from semen samples . Primers were designed with Oligo software and utilized for amplification of 826 bp of OPN gene and 568 bp fragments of UTMP gene. PCR products were digested with BsrI enzyme. Results had shown that genotype frequencies CC, CT and TT of OPN gene were 16.69, 48.62 , and 34.69 , respectively and the allelic frequencies of C and T were 0.41 and 0.51, respectively. Genotype frequencies2 observed for genotypes AB, BB, BC and CC of UTMP were 0.27, 0.49, 0.13 and 0.11 respectively and genotypes AA and AC were not observed in studied population. Results showed that A, B and C allele frequencies were 0.135, 0.69 and 0.175, respectively. The x2 test has shown deviation from H ardy-Weinberg equilibrium for OPN and UTMP genes in the studied population . With respect to the favoralde effect of both genes on milk production traits, the allelic frequency of these genes could be changed in order to breeding purposes.


Detecting Major Genes for Some Economic Traits in Native Fowl of Yazd Province using Different Statistical Methods
Saeed Zerehdaran, Sadegh Alijani, Mona Salehinasab,
Volume 7, Issue 13 (8-2016)
Abstract

 At the present study, the observations of performance traits including body weight at 8 and 12 weeks of age, age at sexual maturity, egg weight and egg number were analyzed to detect major genes in Yazd native fowl. The probability of segregation for major genes was studied using simple tests including tests of normality, Bartlett, Levene and Fain for residuals and Bayesian analysis. Segregation of major genes was only confirmed for body weight at 8 and 12 weeks of age and egg number. Therefore, based on these results, mixed inheritance model including major gene and polygenic effects is better compared to absolute polygenic model for these traits. Although for body weight at 8 and 12 weeks of age, polygenic effects variance was more than major gene variance, the reverse was true for egg number. Therefore, the main observed variance for this trait is created by major genes effect. Confirmation of major genes segregation for body weight and egg number in Yazd native fowl demonstrates that molecular techniques can be suggested to map the related major genes.


Association of Exon 4 Region of Gpr54 Gene Polymorphisms with Litter Size Trait in Iranian Sanjabi and Ghezel Sheep Breeds by PCR –SSCP
Marya Ghasemi, Ali Hashemi, Mehdi Mokhber, Ronak Salehi,
Volume 11, Issue 29 (10-2020)
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptor (GPR54) is one of the known gene affecting fecundity. This gene  affects  the ovulation rate and litter size performance. A total of 160 animals including Sanjabi (n=100) and Ghezel (n=60) were used to identify polymorphisms of GPR54 gene and  their influence on litter size. Genomic DNA was extracted by commercial DNA kit. The genotypic patterns were detected using the polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP). The genotypic patterns frequencies for three detected patterns in Sanjabi sheep were 54.93, 17.59 and 17.59 percent, and for two detected patterns of Ghezel were 41.86, 58.14 percent, respectively. Significant association (P<0.05) was identified between detected genotypes with litter size in Sanjabi, but no significant association (P>0.05) was found between detected polymorphisms with litter size in Ghezel sheep. Although the  results showed that the detected polymorphisms  in this gene can be used as a marker for twinning in Sanjabi sheep but,  it may be necessary to carry out further studies with larger sample sizes to find an exact correlation between GPR54 gene variants and fecundity trait.
Ursolic Acid Improve Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy by Increasing of PAX7, Myod and Myogenin Expression and Satellite Cells Proliferation in Native Broiler Chickens
Dr Hengameh Moradi, Dr Abdollah Mohammadi Sang Cheshme, Dr Seyed Davoud Sharifi, Dr Simzar Hosseinzadeh, Dr Ehsan Seyedjafari, Dr Abdolreza Salehi,
Volume 11, Issue 30 (12-2020)
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA) is known as a naturally occurring triterpene pentacyclic compound in some medicinal herbs including savory that affects the skeletal muscle. In the current study, the effect of UA was evaluated on C2C12 cells and satellite cells (SCs) isolated from native broiler chicks. First in the in vitro experiment, the C2C12 cell line obtained from the Stem Cell Technology Research Center and the SCs were isolated and purified from one-day chickens and then treated with UA. In the in vivo experiment, UA was injected intramuscularly based on the body weight to chicks during the first seven days, two times a day, from day one to day seven by the appropriate dose obtained in the in vitro experiment, and then SCs were isolated from pectoralis muscle at the last day. The purification was confirmed by assessment of PAX-7 expression in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. In fact, SCs and C2C12 cells were cultured for seven days in 10% serum medium with vehicle alone (0.1% DMSO) or UA (0.00025, 0.0005, 0.001, 0.0015 and 0.002 mg/mL) along with DMSO (1 mL). The findings from the in vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that UA at 0.00025 mg/mL significantly increased the expression of genes involved in the SCs proliferation and differentiation including PAX-7, MyoD and Myogenin, and improve the muscle hypertrophy. As a result, UA can be suggested as a suitable material to reduce the breeding period and faster growth of skeletal muscle in broiler chickens.

The Inhibitory Effect of Fish Oil on Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentiation to Adipocytes in Sheep
Dr Arash Veshkini, Dr Fatemeh Kouhkan, Dr Ali Assadi Alamouti, Dr Abdolreza Salehi, Dr Abdollah Mohammadi-Sangcheshmeh,
Volume 12, Issue 32 (7-2021)
Abstract
    In this study, the expression of genes and miRNAs related to differentiation, cell cycle and metabolism was investigated in Zandi sheep mesenchymal cells (ADSC) under fish oil treatment as a source of omega-3 fatty acids. Isolated sheep mesenchymal stem cells were confirmed for pluripotency. ADSCs were treated in the presence or absence of 15 mg / ml fish oil, and cell cycle and apoptosis induction were measured in each group (three independent repeat) via Flow cytometry. In a similar experiment, the expression of downstream miRNAs and genes at the growth and differentiation stages to adipocyte was compared in both groups. Mesenchymal cells treated with fish oil had a higher percentage of late apoptosis, while the percentage of cells in S phase decreased. The expression of miRNAs did not change significantly, however, let-7a was significantly decreased in the fish oil group. Fish oil treatment decreased (0.39) relative expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor G (PPARG) and increased (1.85) Interleukin 1 beta expression. In adipocyte-differentiated cells, PPARG expression was decreased. The results of this study showed the inhibitory properties of fish oil on adipocyte differentiation of mesenchymal cells through direct or indirect effects on PPAR pathway. However, no significant difference was observed in the expression of selected miRNAs.

Effect of Different Levels of a Blended Supplement Including Probiotics, Prebiotics and Enzymes on Productive Performance, Blood Metabolites, Hormonal Profile and Antioxidant Status of Laying Hens
Mahdi Khodaei, Hosein Ali Ghasemi, Abolfazl Salehizadeh,
Volume 13, Issue 38 (12-2022)
Abstract
Extended Abstract
Introduction and Objective: Because enzymes enhance the digestibility of feeds by increasing the availability of minerals and the digestibility of protein and amino acids, the utilization of enzymes is known as an effective method for increasing profitability in the poultry industry. In addition, certain enzymes are able to hydrolyze non-starch carbohydrates, resulting in an increase in feed energy utilization and the release of additional phosphorus through the degradation of phytic acid. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a blended supplement consisting of probiotics, prebiotics, and enzymes (containing protease, phytase, lipase, and different carbohydrase) on productive performance, blood metabolites, hormone profile, and antioxidant status of laying hens.
Materials and Methods: For an 8-week trial, 120 laying hens (52 weeks of age) were used in a completely randomized design with three treatments, eight replications, and five hens per replication. The experimental treatments included the control treatment (no additives) and treatments with complex enzyme supplements at 250 and 500 mg per kg of feed. Egg production, egg weight and feed intake were recorded daily. Egg quality traits and blood biochemical parameters were evaluated at the end of experiment.
Results: The results showed that the treatment receiving 500 mg/kg of blended supplement had a greater egg production, greater egg mass, and while feed conversion ratio compared with the non-supplemented treatment (control treatment). The percentage of abnormal eggs was lower in all of the treatments that received the blended supplement compared to the control. A linear increase was observed in the blood levels of cholesterol, albumin, triiodothyronine, total antioxidant capacity, and superoxide dismutase activity after the inclusion of the supplement in the diet. In contrast, the concentrations of glucose, phosphorus, uric acid, alkaline phosphatase, TSH and T4 hormones, malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide, as well as the activity of blood glutathione peroxidase and catalase enzymes, were not affected by the experimental treatments (p>0.05).
Conclusion: In conclusion, including the blended supplement in the diet of laying hens, particularly at the level of 500 mg/kg, during the second phase of the laying cycle has a positive effect on both production performance and health status, which may be attributed to an increase in antioxidant status and a decrease in stress levels.

Comparative Evaluation of Performance for Improved Iranian Honey Bee queens (Apis mellifera meda Skorikov 1929) in the Climate Conditions of Kurdistan Province
Ataollah Rahimi, Gholamhosein Tahmasebi, Hamidreza Bahmani, Saheh Salehi, Badradin Zare, Abdulsatar Parsanaseb, Banak Rokhzad,
Volume 14, Issue 1 (5-2023)
Abstract
Extended Abstract
Introduction and Objectives: The use of improved queens with desirable functional and behavioral traits is one of the most important factors of success in beekeeping. The current study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the performance of improved Iranian honey bee queens with control ones in the private apiaries of Kurdistan province during 2017 to 2021.
Material and Methods: In this study, the queens of the third layer, which were the result of the improved queens of the Iranian honey bee breeding project, along with unimproved native queens (as control) were evaluated in six private apiaries of Kurdistan province based on honey production, calmness, aggressive, swarming, and overwintering traits. To evaluate the queens, special questionnaires were designed and provided to the beekeepers to evaluate the improved queens along with the control ones in their private apiary during the years of the study.
Results: Variance analysis results showed that the effect of the queen was significant at the 1% probability level on all studied traits. The effect of year was significant at the 1% probability level on honey production and swarming traits and on calmness on the frame trait at the 5% probability level, but it had no effect on the overwintering trait. Also, the effect of the city was significant on swarming trait (p<0.01). The interactions effect of queen type – year and year- city were significant for the trait of swarming and honey production triats at the 1 and 5 % probability level, respectively. The results of the present study showed that the colonies with improved queens were significantly superior to the colonies with native queens in terms of calmness on the frame, aggressive, swarming and overwintering traits (p<0.05). An acceptable relative superiority and progress were observed in terms of honey production trait in the improved queens in all the studied years compared to native queens, but this superiority and progress was not significant due to the low heritability of this trait.
Conclusion: In general, the results of this study showed the progress and improvement of the target traits and the superiority of improved Iranian honey bee queens compared to unimproved native queens in the climate conditions of Kurdistan province. Considering the superiority and significant improvements in the majority of studied traits in the improved queens of the Iranian honey bee breeding project, it can be concluded that the Iranian honey bee can improve genetically. Therefore, in the continuation of this research, it is suggested to deal with the new problems of the beekeeping industry through more efforts towards the genetic stabilization of resulting improvements, preventing the homozygosity of sex alleles (which has a direct effect on reducing the performance of the colonies) and also using new breeding methods.

The use of potato aerial parts in the diet of fattening male lambs as a complete feed block
Phd Saleh Salehi, Phd Hamid Reza Bahmani, Phd Shiva Mafakheri, Phd Hassan Fazaeli, Phd Ataalla Rahimi,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (2-2025)
Abstract
Extended abstract
Introduction and Objective: Agricultural residues are used in large quantities to feed domestic animals. The role of agricultural waste is more prominent in the rural livestock system and in areas where agriculture and animal husbandry are common. In dry seasons when fresh and sufficient fodder is not available and also in areas where the climatic conditions are not suitable and there is a shortage of animal feed, the use of agricultural waste can reduce the price of feed and improve environmental sustainability. Considering the competition between humans and animals for many food items and the limitation of basic production resources, and on the other hand, the high levels of waste and waste in the agricultural sector, the optimal use of these wastes can play a significant role in the prosperity of animal husbandry and reducing the price of animal feed, and finally Increase livestock production. On the other hand, it is not possible to allocate more land and water for the production of animal feed items than the current level, so the use and exploitation of agricultural by-products is one of the necessities of the animal husbandry industry. By using local and available agricultural residues, cheaper and more affordable rations can be prepared, and this helps a lot to compensate for the lack of food items and overcome current challenges, including recent droughts.  In complete feed blocks, feed items are mixed in the ration, so the ration is more palatable, and with this method, unconventional feeds can be used in the ration and fed to the livestock. The purpose of this study was the possibility of replacing potato vein in complete feed blocks.
Material and Methods: This experiment was conducted for 90 days on 24 Kurdish male lambs of plain area with an average age of 7 months and an average weight of 32.7 ± 1.90 kg in a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replications. To prepare potato foliage, after the physiological growth of the potato tuber is over (when the leaves start to turn brown) and can be agronomically harvested, before the potato tuber could harvested, the fodder part of the potato harvested, moved outside the field, aerated, dried and then threshed. Chopped potato fodder was converted into complete feed blocks in the Sanandaj Jikdaneh poultry and animal feed production plant along with other ration components in different proportions to prepare experimental treatments. Experimental treatments included diet without potato leaves and diets containing 15, 25 and 35% aerial parts of potato, respectively. The chemical compositions of the samples were determined in the nutrition laboratory of the Animal Science Research Institute of Iran, and the measured nutrients included the amount of ash, ADF, NDF, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, crude energy, calcium, and phosphorus. The measured traits included daily weight gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion ratio. After the experiment, the economic evaluation of the treatments was done based on the given rations and the performance of the animals. After fasting for 12 hours before giving the morning meal, the weight of the animals was measured once every 15 days, and then daily weight gain estimated. The refusals were collected every morning before offering the feed and weighed every fifteen days. By deducting the amount of feed given from the residual amount, the dry matter intake was determined. The feed conversion ratio was obtained by dividing the amount of feed consumed by the amount of live weight.
Results: Chemical compositions of potato aerial parts including crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, ADF, NDF, ash, calcium, and phosphorus (percentage in dry matter) 14.1, 0.42, 30, 40, 18, 3.2 and 0.11 respectively and gross energy 3.58 mcal/kg was obtained. The mean daily weight gains in the first, second, third and fourth treatments were 230, 250, 226 and 213 gr, respectively. The second treatment had a significant difference from the other treatments, and the difference between the first and fourth treatments was significant (P<0.0001). In the second treatment of the experiment, despite the fact that 15% of the diet was provided with potato leaves, the daily weight gain was higher than the control treatment, which did not use potato fodder leaves, and it can be concluded that the complete feed block compared to the diet It has been superior in the form of mesh and blocking feed can increase palatability and improve digestion in livestock The average daily dry matter intake was 1.81, 1.95, 1.81 and 1.89 kg per day, respectively, which did not differ significantly (P<0.0740). The mean feed conversion ratios of the treatments were 8.04, 7.91, 8.04 and 9.16, respectively. Differences between the fourth and other treatments were significant (P <0.0001), and the level of 35 % potato vein in the complete feed block increased the feed conversion ratio. The economic comparison of the rations for the net benefit of daily weight gain showed that adding potato foliage in complete feed blocks lowers the total price of the ration.
Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that the use of potato aerial parts in the preparation of complete feed blocks for feeding male Kurdish fattening lambs, up to 25% of the total ration is economical and recommended.
 

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