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Showing 6 results for Azizi
Zahra Azizi, Hossein Moradi Shahrebabak, Mohammad Moradi Shahrebabak, Aboalfazl Zali,
Volume 5, Issue 9 (11-2014)
Volume 5, Issue 9 (11-2014)
Abstract
Diacylglycerol transferase is a microsome enzyme that plays an important role in glycerol lipid metabolism. The acyl CoA-diacylglycerol- acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) is considered to be the key enzyme in controlling the synthesis of triglycerides in adipocytes. This enzyme catalyzes the final step of triglyceride synthesis (transform triacylglycerol (DAG) into triacylglycerol (TAG). The present study has been designed to determine polymorphism in exon 17 of DGAT1 gene and their association with milk production traits in Mahabadi goat breed using PCR-SSCP. Blood sample were collected from 79 Mahabadi from research station of Animal Science Department at University of Tehran. DNA was extracted according to optimized salting out method. DNA quality and quantitative was determined with spectrophotometer and 1% agarose gel. A Fragment from exon 17 of DGAT1 gene was amplified using the polymerase chain reaction and SSCP technique was used to analyze polymorphism in this segment of DNA. PCR products were run in 12% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and were stained with silver nitrate. In overall, four SSCP patterns were observed with frequency of 0.25(1), 0.24(2), 0.06(3) and 0.45(4), respectively. The findings showed that DGAT1 gene had significant effect on milk production (P<0.01) and fat percent (P<0.05). Comparison of LS means showed that pattern 3 had the most effect on milk production (P<0/01) whereas pattern 1 was more effective on fat percentage (P<0/05). Polymorphism of DGAT1 gene and its relationship with milk trait indicated that it probably can be useful in marker assisted selection and breeding programs.
Akbar Asadi, Hossein Moradi Shahrbabak, Parviz Azizi, Saeedeh Elahian, Saeed Abassi,
Volume 6, Issue 12 (1-2016)
Volume 6, Issue 12 (1-2016)
Abstract
In this study, blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of 109 Kermani sheep from Kermani sheep breeding station. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood sample using modified salting out method and polymerase chain reactions were performed for amplification of 214 bp fragment containing a part of exon 4 of GH gene. Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) was used for genotyping. For this purpose, vertical electrophoresis of PCR products was performed on 12% acrylamide gel, at 300 V, for 17 h at 4 C˚. Silver-staining of gels, resulted three genotypic patterns of 1, 2 and 3 with frequencies of 20.18%, 35.77% and 44.03%, respectively. Analysis of variance was performed using SAS software. The results showed no significant association between the different patterns of GH gene and growth traits.
Ayoub Azizi, Ali Kiani, Zahra Aminifard,
Volume 10, Issue 25 (11-2019)
Volume 10, Issue 25 (11-2019)
Abstract
Primarily the purpose of this study was to determine the chemical composition and the in vitro fermentation parameters of banana peel (BP) in comparison with wheat straw and alfalfa hay. Then, substitutional effects of BP with levels of 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 g/kg in dry matter (DM) In Vitro Fermentation Parameters were investigated. Results showed that BP had higher crude protein (CP) content compared to wheat straw, but it was lower than alfalfa (P<0.05). However, neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and lignin content of BP were lower compared to other experimental feeds (P<0.05). Greater ether extract and non-fibre carbohydrate contents were observed in BP compared to other experimental feeds (P<0.05). Potential of GP (b coefficient) and ruminal organic matter disappearance of BP were greater than wheat straw, but they were lower compared to alfalfa (P<0.05). Alfalfa and BP had similar total GP (TGP) and DM disappearance (P>0.05). Microbial protein production (MPP) increased with BP incubation compared other feeds (P<0.05). Two-stage DM and ADF digestibility were lower in BP than alfalfa (P<0.05), while their NDF digestibility was not significant (P>0.05). A linear reduction in ammonia-N concentration and a linear increase in MPP and partitioning factor were observed as BP dietary level was elevated (P<0.05). Other fermentation parameters and ruminal DM and OM digestibility were similar among experimental diets (P>0.05). In conclusion, results of present study indicated that banana peel has a better nutritive value in comparison with wheat straw and is comparable to alfalfa. In addition, it can be used in dry nutrition up to 20 % DM without any negative effects on in vitro fermentation parameters.
Zahra Shamsi Biranandi, Ali Kiani, Afra Khosravi, Ayoub Azizi,
Volume 11, Issue 29 (10-2020)
Volume 11, Issue 29 (10-2020)
Abstract
IIn this study, the effect of different levels of Scrophularia striata extract on the parameters of laboratory gas production, the concentration of volatile fatty acids and the activity of hydrolytic enzymes on the contents of the cecum of adult male rabbits were investigated. For this purpose, 20 New Zealand rabbits weighing approximately 1.6 ± 0.2 kg (5 months and up) were used in a completely randomized design with four treatments and five replications. Treatments included 1) without receiving Scrophularia striata extract (control), and supplementing the control diet with levels of 2) 200, 3) 300 and 4) 400 mg of Scrophularia striata extract per kg of body weight. The control group received 2 ml of water instead of the extract. At the end of the experimental period and after slaughter of rabbits, the contents of their cecum were sampled and the parameters of gas production, concentration of volatile fatty acids and activity of hydrolytic enzymes of cecal sample were determined. The results showed that consumption of Scrophularia striata extract reduced the volume of gas produced (p<0.05) and the total amount of volatile fatty acids (p= 0.01). Consumption of Scrophularia striata extract increased the activity of alpha-amylase (p= 0.02) and microcrystalline cellulase (p= 0.01) linearly, but did not significant e ffect on carboxymethylcellulose and filter paper decomposition activity. In general, the extract of the Scrophularia striata was able to affect the microbial and enzymatic activities of the rabbit colon, so that the microbial activity decreased with the consumption of this plant and eventually led to less gas production and reduced production of volatile fatty acids.production and reduced production of volatile fatty acids.
Azadeh Mirshamsollahi, Alireza Talebian Masoudi, Ramazan Ali Azizi,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (4-2024)
Volume 15, Issue 1 (4-2024)
Abstract
Extended Abstract
Background: Markazi Province is recognized as one of the important centers for calf fattening in the country. This province is home to over 4.4% of Iran's total cattle and calf population, with 370,000 head of cows and calves, including purebred, hybrid, and native breeds. It ranks twelfth among the provinces in the country. Additionally, with the production of 15,000 tons of beef and veal, it accounts for approximately 3.3% of the national beef and veal output. In recent years, there has been significant interest from livestock breeders in the province for fattening Simmental calves, due to their calm temperament, better meat production efficiency, and adaptability to the province's weather conditions. This interest has prompted the province's livestock improvement deputy to implement a project aimed at scientifically assessing the productivity and fattening characteristics of this breed. Since no research has been conducted in the province to compare the growth and feedlot performance of crossbred Holstein and Simmental calves, and there is limited information about carcass characteristics and suitable slaughter weights of cattle breeds in the region, calf breeders lack detailed knowledge about the productivity, feed consumption, growth traits, and carcass quality of different breeds. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare the fattening and carcass characteristics of male Simmental and Holstein crossbred calves in a fattening unit in Markazi Province that had the necessary conditions and facilities for the project (including a scale and adequate space).
Methods: Sixty male calves with an average weight of 150 to 200 kg were divided into two groups (treatments). One group consisted of 30 Holstein crossbred calves, and the other group included 30 Simmental crossbred calves, ensuring minimal differences in weight and body condition between the two groups. Balanced and optimal diets were formulated for each group based on the nutritional needs of the calves (according to their weight) and the available nutrients in the unit, following the nutritional requirements outlined in the NRC tables for beef cattle (2016). Balanced diets were provided based on Total Mixed Ration after a 14-day feeding adaptation period. The average consumption of fodder and concentrate was adjusted to a ratio of 40 to 60 throughout the entire period. Daily feed was provided to the calves three times a day, according to their appetite. Daily feed intake was recorded. Calves were weighed monthly after a 12-hour food deprivation and before morning feeding, and the feed conversion ratios for the animals in each group were calculated. The fattening period continued until the calves reached the desired weight. At the end of the fattening period, five calves from each group were weighed and slaughtered after 12 hours of food deprivation, and their carcass weight, yield, and fat thickness at the 12th rib were measured. Comparisons between the two groups of calves in different weight categories were performed using an independent t-test with SPSS statistical software.
Results: The results indicated that the total weight gain during the fattening period was 360 kg for Simmental hybrids and 336 kg for Holstein hybrids, showing a higher weight gain (24 kg) in the Simmental group (P = 0.03). The average monthly and daily weight gains for Simmental and Holstein hybrid calves during the breeding period were 40 kg and 37.30 kg per month, and 1.33 kg and 1.24 kg per day, respectively (P = 0.032). The average daily dry matter intake during the fattening period for Simmental and Holstein hybrid calves was 8.05 kg and 8.28 kg, respectively, although this difference was not significant. The mean feed conversion ratio for the entire fattening period was 6.05 for Simmental and 6.67 for Holstein, indicating a significant difference between the two treatments (P = 0.04). The mean carcass yield for Simmental and Holstein hybrid calves at the end of the 9-month fattening period was 55.45% and 52.27%, respectively, with a significant difference between the two treatments (P = 0.01). The thickness of dorsal fat between ribs 12 and 13 was 6.05 mm for Simmental and 6.75 mm for Holstein, while the thickness of the straight muscle in the same rib range was 53.62 mm for Simmental and 51.4 mm for Holstein (P = 0.035).
Conclusion: The results demonstrated that Simmental hybrid calves exhibit better efficiency in terms of growth, feed yield, and carcass and meat characteristics compared to Holstein hybrid calves. Therefore, for the economic production of meat and the domestic supply of red meat, it is recommended that some feedlot farms in the country consider breeding this high-yielding breed, if feasible.
Methods: Sixty male calves with an average weight of 150 to 200 kg were divided into two groups (treatments). One group consisted of 30 Holstein crossbred calves, and the other group included 30 Simmental crossbred calves, ensuring minimal differences in weight and body condition between the two groups. Balanced and optimal diets were formulated for each group based on the nutritional needs of the calves (according to their weight) and the available nutrients in the unit, following the nutritional requirements outlined in the NRC tables for beef cattle (2016). Balanced diets were provided based on Total Mixed Ration after a 14-day feeding adaptation period. The average consumption of fodder and concentrate was adjusted to a ratio of 40 to 60 throughout the entire period. Daily feed was provided to the calves three times a day, according to their appetite. Daily feed intake was recorded. Calves were weighed monthly after a 12-hour food deprivation and before morning feeding, and the feed conversion ratios for the animals in each group were calculated. The fattening period continued until the calves reached the desired weight. At the end of the fattening period, five calves from each group were weighed and slaughtered after 12 hours of food deprivation, and their carcass weight, yield, and fat thickness at the 12th rib were measured. Comparisons between the two groups of calves in different weight categories were performed using an independent t-test with SPSS statistical software.
Results: The results indicated that the total weight gain during the fattening period was 360 kg for Simmental hybrids and 336 kg for Holstein hybrids, showing a higher weight gain (24 kg) in the Simmental group (P = 0.03). The average monthly and daily weight gains for Simmental and Holstein hybrid calves during the breeding period were 40 kg and 37.30 kg per month, and 1.33 kg and 1.24 kg per day, respectively (P = 0.032). The average daily dry matter intake during the fattening period for Simmental and Holstein hybrid calves was 8.05 kg and 8.28 kg, respectively, although this difference was not significant. The mean feed conversion ratio for the entire fattening period was 6.05 for Simmental and 6.67 for Holstein, indicating a significant difference between the two treatments (P = 0.04). The mean carcass yield for Simmental and Holstein hybrid calves at the end of the 9-month fattening period was 55.45% and 52.27%, respectively, with a significant difference between the two treatments (P = 0.01). The thickness of dorsal fat between ribs 12 and 13 was 6.05 mm for Simmental and 6.75 mm for Holstein, while the thickness of the straight muscle in the same rib range was 53.62 mm for Simmental and 51.4 mm for Holstein (P = 0.035).
Conclusion: The results demonstrated that Simmental hybrid calves exhibit better efficiency in terms of growth, feed yield, and carcass and meat characteristics compared to Holstein hybrid calves. Therefore, for the economic production of meat and the domestic supply of red meat, it is recommended that some feedlot farms in the country consider breeding this high-yielding breed, if feasible.
B.sc Parviz Azizi, Dr Hossein Moradi Shahrbabak, Dr Mohammad Moradi Shahrbabak, Dr Mahdi Mokhber,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (2-2025)
Volume 16, Issue 1 (2-2025)
Abstract
Extended Abstract
Objective
Due to the increasing demand for animal products, reproductive efficiency is considered as one of the main objectives of sheep breeding, even in cases where the main emphasis is on milk or wool production. In cases the meat production is the main breeding objective, increasing reproductive efficiency is the most important goal of breeding programs. Although increasing fertility in ewe is possible in different pathways, ovulation rate and uterine capacity are the main goals in breeding programs to achieve high fertility. Then, this study was performed to detection selection signature between Iranian native and Icelandic sheep breeds, and identify genes related to fecundity and litter size in sheep.
Materials and Methods
In this regard, the genomic information of Iranian sheep (N=154) as breeds with low litter size and Iceland breed (N=54) as one of the world high litter size sheep breeds, were used. The genomic data related to these genetic groups including Icelandic and Iranian sheep breeds were obtained from the iSheep database and the address https://disk.yandex.ru/d/3N2wEv0-9_NL0w, respectively. Data filtering and quality control, genetic differentiation index analysis (FST) and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed to determine genetic groups using PLINK 1.9 software. Ubiased FST (θ) estimator statistic were used to explore the signs of selection. The genes related to selected genomic regions was extracted using the BIOMART online database corresponding areas in the sheep genome assembly (Oar 3.1).
Results
In the identified regions as selection signatures (N=55), including 0.1% of all studied markers, the number of 391 genes were identified. Of all detected genes, at least 13 genes including BMPR2, SLC26A4, WNT16, CREB3L4, PRLR, ACVR2B, PRKCSH, HOXA9, HOXA10, Dkks, KATNAL1, OSBP2 and W5PHY6_SHEEP genes were related to reproductive performance and probably litter size in sheep. Although no significant biological pathways (with high significance) related to litter size in sheep were identified, some of the identified genes have major effects on reproductive performance. Detected genes from this study and other complementary studies about involved genes on litter size in sheep, could be effective in desigining breeding programs to improve reproductive performance.
Conclusion
Survey on identified biological pathways related to genomic differences between Iranian native and Icelandic (which is considered one of the most significant multi-twin breeds in the world) sheep breeds, was shown that, the significant biological pathways involved in immunity, smell, and hemoglobin construction. Despite of the identification a large number of genes related to The reproductive performances, these genes did not involved in a significant biological pathways. However, although no significant biological pathways (with high significance) related to litter size in sheep were identified, some of the identified genes have major effects on reproductive performance. Detected genes from this study and other complementary studies about involved genes on litter size in sheep breeds could be effective in desigining breeding programs to improve reproductive performance.
Objective
Due to the increasing demand for animal products, reproductive efficiency is considered as one of the main objectives of sheep breeding, even in cases where the main emphasis is on milk or wool production. In cases the meat production is the main breeding objective, increasing reproductive efficiency is the most important goal of breeding programs. Although increasing fertility in ewe is possible in different pathways, ovulation rate and uterine capacity are the main goals in breeding programs to achieve high fertility. Then, this study was performed to detection selection signature between Iranian native and Icelandic sheep breeds, and identify genes related to fecundity and litter size in sheep.
Materials and Methods
In this regard, the genomic information of Iranian sheep (N=154) as breeds with low litter size and Iceland breed (N=54) as one of the world high litter size sheep breeds, were used. The genomic data related to these genetic groups including Icelandic and Iranian sheep breeds were obtained from the iSheep database and the address https://disk.yandex.ru/d/3N2wEv0-9_NL0w, respectively. Data filtering and quality control, genetic differentiation index analysis (FST) and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed to determine genetic groups using PLINK 1.9 software. Ubiased FST (θ) estimator statistic were used to explore the signs of selection. The genes related to selected genomic regions was extracted using the BIOMART online database corresponding areas in the sheep genome assembly (Oar 3.1).
Results
In the identified regions as selection signatures (N=55), including 0.1% of all studied markers, the number of 391 genes were identified. Of all detected genes, at least 13 genes including BMPR2, SLC26A4, WNT16, CREB3L4, PRLR, ACVR2B, PRKCSH, HOXA9, HOXA10, Dkks, KATNAL1, OSBP2 and W5PHY6_SHEEP genes were related to reproductive performance and probably litter size in sheep. Although no significant biological pathways (with high significance) related to litter size in sheep were identified, some of the identified genes have major effects on reproductive performance. Detected genes from this study and other complementary studies about involved genes on litter size in sheep, could be effective in desigining breeding programs to improve reproductive performance.
Conclusion
Survey on identified biological pathways related to genomic differences between Iranian native and Icelandic (which is considered one of the most significant multi-twin breeds in the world) sheep breeds, was shown that, the significant biological pathways involved in immunity, smell, and hemoglobin construction. Despite of the identification a large number of genes related to The reproductive performances, these genes did not involved in a significant biological pathways. However, although no significant biological pathways (with high significance) related to litter size in sheep were identified, some of the identified genes have major effects on reproductive performance. Detected genes from this study and other complementary studies about involved genes on litter size in sheep breeds could be effective in desigining breeding programs to improve reproductive performance.
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