1- Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University
Abstract: (52 Views)
Introduction and Objective: As laying hens age, microstructural changes in follicles have been reported, along with signs of inflammation and oxidative stress. Age-related inflammatory complications in broiler breeders can impair reproductive performance, egg quality, and metabolic status by creating an imbalance between proinflammatory genes (such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and COX-2) and anti-inflammatory genes (such as IL-10 and TGF-β). In recent years, three nonsteroidal approaches to modulate inflammation and reprogram the expression of related genes have received attention: willow bark extract (containing salicin), propolis, and the selective COX-2 anti-inflammatory drug (celecoxib). The aim of this study is to determine whether these three approaches can stimulate the production of anti-inflammatory factors and lead to the reduction and control of inflammation in aged broiler breeders.
Material and Methods: To conduct this study, 80 hens and 10 roosters of the Ross breed (the age of the hens was 52 weeks with an average weight of 3860) were kept in the breeding hall of the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Sari for 5 weeks (the first week was for adaptation and 4 weeks for treatment testing) in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The experimental treatments included: The first treatment: control with basal diet, the second treatment: basal diet plus 100 mg of propolis alcoholic extract per metabolic body weight of each hen per day was given orally to the hens. The third treatment: basal diet plus the anti-inflammatory drug (non-steroidal) celecoxib at a dose of 15 mg per metabolic body weight of each hen per day was given orally to the hens. The fourth treatment: basal diet plus 150 mg of willow bark alcoholic extract per metabolic body weight of each hen per day was given orally to the hens. On the last day of the study, 2cc of blood was collected from the wing vein of one chicken from each replicate. The samples were stored at -80°C until the gene expression assay was performed. The genes included: IGFBp2, IL-1 IL-6, IL-10, IGF-1, IGF-2, IGF-1R, and TNF-α. The relative expression of the genes was measured by Real-Time PCR using gene-specific primers. The data obtained from gene expression were initially analyzed by the Livak method. Data analysis was calculated using the GLM procedure of SAS softwar
Results: In the results of this study, a significant decrease in the relative expression of the IGF-2 gene was observed in treatment 3 (P<0.05). Also, no significant decrease or increase in the relative expression of the genes studied was observed between all treatments (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Probably due to the advanced age of the chickens, high inflammation and uncontrolled environmental stress, the doses used failed to reduce inflammation and have a significant effect on the relative expression of the tested genes. It is possible that increasing the dose of the extracts, the anti-inflammatory drug (celecoxib) and also increasing the duration of the experiment will have a significant effect on the relative expression of the tested genes.
Material and Methods: To conduct this study, 80 hens and 10 roosters of the Ross breed (the age of the hens was 52 weeks with an average weight of 3860) were kept in the breeding hall of the Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Sari for 5 weeks (the first week was for adaptation and 4 weeks for treatment testing) in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The experimental treatments included: The first treatment: control with basal diet, the second treatment: basal diet plus 100 mg of propolis alcoholic extract per metabolic body weight of each hen per day was given orally to the hens. The third treatment: basal diet plus the anti-inflammatory drug (non-steroidal) celecoxib at a dose of 15 mg per metabolic body weight of each hen per day was given orally to the hens. The fourth treatment: basal diet plus 150 mg of willow bark alcoholic extract per metabolic body weight of each hen per day was given orally to the hens. On the last day of the study, 2cc of blood was collected from the wing vein of one chicken from each replicate. The samples were stored at -80°C until the gene expression assay was performed. The genes included: IGFBp2, IL-1 IL-6, IL-10, IGF-1, IGF-2, IGF-1R, and TNF-α. The relative expression of the genes was measured by Real-Time PCR using gene-specific primers. The data obtained from gene expression were initially analyzed by the Livak method. Data analysis was calculated using the GLM procedure of SAS softwar
Results: In the results of this study, a significant decrease in the relative expression of the IGF-2 gene was observed in treatment 3 (P<0.05). Also, no significant decrease or increase in the relative expression of the genes studied was observed between all treatments (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Probably due to the advanced age of the chickens, high inflammation and uncontrolled environmental stress, the doses used failed to reduce inflammation and have a significant effect on the relative expression of the tested genes. It is possible that increasing the dose of the extracts, the anti-inflammatory drug (celecoxib) and also increasing the duration of the experiment will have a significant effect on the relative expression of the tested genes.
Keywords: broiler breeder, pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, gene expression, insulin-like growth factor
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