1. Abdel-Hafeez, H. M., Saleh, E. S. E., Tawfeek, S. S., Hegazy, M. A., & Ali, H. H. (2023). Effect of Different Levels of Undegradable Protein on Performance, Blood Parameters, Colostrum Composition and Lamb Birth Weight in Pregnant Ewes. Journal of Veterinary Medical Research, 30(2), 86-95. 10.21608/jvmr.2023.238106.1090. [
DOI:10.21608/jvmr.2023.238106.1090]
2. Al-Saiedy, M. Y., Alshaikh, M. A., Salah, M. S., Kraidees, M. S., Abouheif, M., & Albadeen, S. O. N. (1997). Plasma concentration of thyroid hormones in lambs fed Poultry offal meal in rePlacement of soybean meal at two energy levels. Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift, 104(6), 213-215.
3. Amirabadi-Farahani, T., Amanlou, H., & Eslamian-Farsuni, N. (2012). Effects of Varying Crude Protein and Rumen Undegradable Protein on Performance of Holstein Fresh Cows. Iranian Journal of Animal Science, 42(4), 297-309. 20.1001.1.20084773.1390.42.4.2.4. [In Persian]
4. AOAC. (2005). Official Method of Analysis, 15 ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, USA.
5. Asadi, M., & Shavandi, M. (2023).Effects of replacing soy bean meal with poultry byproduct meal on performance, nutrient digestibility, excreted nitrogen and feeding behavior in Holstein lactating cows. Journal of Animal Environment, 14(4), 55-64. 10.22034/AEJ.2022.306732.2647. [In Persian]
6. Asadi, M., Toghdory, A., Ghoorchi, T., & Hatami, M. (2023). Influence of organic manganese supplementation on performance, digestibility, milk yield and composition of Afshari ewes in the transition period, and the health of their lambs. Animal Production Research, 12(1), 1-12. 10.22124/ar.2023.23808.1752. [In Persian]
7. Asadi, M., Toghdory, A., Hatami, M., & Ghassemi Nejad, J. (2022). Milk Supplemented with Organic Iron Improves Performance, Blood Hematology, Iron Metabolism Parameters, Biochemical and Immunological Parameters in Suckling Dalagh Lambs. Animals, 12, 510. 10.3390/ani12040510. [
DOI:10.3390/ani12040510]
8. Avakh, S., Khodaei‐Motlagh, M., & Kazemi‐Bonchenari, M. (2021). Effects of Partial Replacement of Soybean Meal with Corn Gluten Meal, Fish Meal, or Their Combination on Dairy Calves Performance and Insulin Concentration. Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science, 11(3), 507-516.
9. Bahrami-Yekdangi, H., Khorvash, M., Ghorbani, G. R., Alikhani, M., Jahanian, R., & Kamalian, E. (2014). Effects of decreasing metabolizable protein and rumen-undegradable protein on milk production and composition and blood metabolites of Holstein dairy cows in early lactation. Journal of Dairy Science, 97(6), 3707-3714. 10.3168/jds.2013-6725. [
DOI:10.3168/jds.2013-6725]
10. Bohnert, D. W., Larson, B. T., Bauer, M. L., Branco, A. F., McLeod, K. R., Harmon, D. L., & Mitchell, G. E. (1998). Nutritional evaluation of poultry by-product meal as a Protein source for ruminants: effects on performance and nutrient flow and disappearance in steers. Journal of Animal Science, 76(9), 2474-2484. 10.2527/1998.7692474x. [
DOI:10.2527/1998.7692474x]
11. Bruckental, I., Abramson, S. M., Zamwel, S. M., Adin, G., & Ariel, A. (2002). Effect of dietary undegradable crude protein level on total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) digestibility and milk yield and composition of dairy cows. Livestock Prodction Science, 76, 71-79. [
DOI:10.1016/S0301-6226(02)00009-X]
12. Bunnakit, K., & Khampa, S. (2011). Effect of rumen undegradable protein levels on performance of Thai native × Brahman beef cattle. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 10, 1163-1167. [
DOI:10.3923/pjn.2011.1163.1167]
13. Can, M. B. (2023). Use of Corn and Wheat Gluten in Ruminant Nutrition. Journal of Animal Production, 64(2), 93-102. 10.29185/hayuretim.1331751. [
DOI:10.29185/hayuretim.1331751]
14. Chegini, R., Kazemi-Bonchenari, M., Khodaei-Motlagh, M., & Khaltabadi-Farahani, A. H. (2020). Evaluation the Effects of Liquid Protein Source in Sheep Diet Fed High Wheat Straw Diet on Ruminal Fermentation, Microbial Protein, Hematology and Blood Metabolites. Research on Animal Production, 11(27), 57-65. 10.29252/rap.11.27.57. [In Persian] [
DOI:10.29252/rap.11.27.57]
15. Dousti, F., Ghoorchi, T., Sepahvand, A., Dastar, B., & Azarfar, A. (2018). The Effect of Different Levels Olive cake in Fermentation Parameters, Enzyme Cellulytic and the Rumen Microbial Protein Production Lory Male Lambs. Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research, 9(4), 424-436. 10.22067/ijasr.v1i1.56420. [In Persian]
16. Elliot, R., Ferreiro, H. M., & Priego, A. (1978). Estimate of the quantity of feed protein escaping degradation in rumen of steers fed chopped sugar cane, molasses/urea supplemented with varying quantities of rice polishing. Tropical Animal Production, 3(1), 36-39.
17. El-Nomeary Y. A. A., Abd El-Rahman, H. H. H. A., Shoukry, M. M., Abedo A. A., Salman F. M., & Mohamed M. I. (2021). Effect of different dietary protein sources on digestibility and growth performance parameters in lambs. Bulletin of the National Research Centre, 45,50. 10.1186/s42269-021-00486-1. [
DOI:10.1186/s42269-021-00486-1]
18. Eteraf, M., Teimouri Yansari, A., & Chashnidel, Y. (2020). Effect of different levels of corn gluten feed on performance, nutrient digestibility and carcass characteristics of Afshari breeding fattening lambs. Journal of Ruminant Research, 8(2), 57-72. 10.22069/ejrr.2020.17418.1724. [In Persian]
19. Firouzi, Z., Dayani, O., Ayatollahi Mehrgardi, A., Tahmasbi, R., Khezri, A., & Hajalizadeh, Z. (2021). Effect of different levels of hatchery wastes on growth performance,nutrients digestibility, ruminal and blood parameters in fattening lambs. Journal of Ruminant Research, 9(4), 33-48. 10.22069/ejrr.2021.19435.1805. [In Persian]
20. Ganji, F., Bashtani, M., Farhangfar, H., & Asghari M. R. (2011). Use of Different Levels of Wheat Bran on Intake and Fattening Performance in Baluchi Male Lambs. Journal of Animal Science Research, 21(1), 63-74. [In Persian] [
DOI:10.1017/S2040470010003821]
21. Griswold, K.E., Apgar, G.A., Bouton, J., & Firkins, J.L. (2003). Effects of urea infusion and ruminal degradable protein concentration on microbial growth, digestibility, and fermentation in continuous culture. Journal of Animal Science, 81(1), 329 -336. 10.2527/2003.811329x [
DOI:10.2527/2003.811329x]
22. Hajalizadeh, Z., Dayani, O., Tahmasbi, R., & Khezri, A. (2014) Evaluation of chemical composition of pistachio pulp silage and its effect on feed intake, rumen fermentation characteristics and blood parameters in sheep. Journal of Animal Science, 24(3), 81- 94. [In persian]
23. Huntington, G., Poore, M., Hopkins, B., & Spears, J. (2001). Effect of ruminal protein degradability on growth and N metabolism in growing beef steers. Journal of Animal Science, 79(2), 533-541. 10.2527/2001.792533x. [
DOI:10.2527/2001.792533x]
24. Ikuta, K., Sasakura, K., Nishimori, K., Hankanga, C., Okada, K., & Yasuda, J. (2005). Effects of supplement feeding order on lactation, diurnal variation of ruminal ammonia and urea in the blood and milk of dairy cows. Journal of Animal Science, 76(1), 29-36. 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2005.00234.x. [
DOI:10.1111/j.1740-0929.2005.00234.x]
25. Jiang, X., Xu, H. J., Ma, G. M., Sun, Y. K., Li, Y., & Zhang, Y. G. (2021). Digestibility, lactation performance, plasma metabolites, ruminal fermentation, and bacterial communities in Holstein cows fed a fermented corn gluten-wheat bran mixture as a substitute for soybean meal. American Dairy Science Association, 104, 2866-2880. 10.3168/jds.2020-19072. [
DOI:10.3168/jds.2020-19072]
26. Kamali, R., chashnidel, Y., Teymouri yansari, A., Mohajer, M., & Toghdory, A. (2023). Evaluation of poultry by-product meal replacement with soybean meal on growth, microbial population, rumen parameters, blood and microbial protein synthesis of fattening lambs. Journal of Animal Science, 33(1), 63-76. 10.22034/AS.2022.43416.1601. [In Persian]
27. Karimi-Daeini, H., Kazemi-Bonchenari, M., Khodaei-Motlagh, M., & Moradi, M. H. (2018). Effect of increased protein level supplied by soybean meal or meat meal on performance, blood metabolites and insulin and liver enzymes in Holstein male calves. Research on Animal Production, 8(18), 100-106. 10.29252/rap.8.18.100. [In Persian] [
DOI:10.29252/rap.8.18.100]
28. Khalaj Hedayati, A., Chashnidel, Y., Dehghan banadaki, M., & Teimori Yansari, A. (2017). Effects of different processing of soaybean meal on ruminal degradability parameters and intestinal digestibility of crude protein and amino acids in Holstein cows. Iranian Journal of Animal Science, 48(3), 353-362. 10.22059/ijas.2017.225342.653495. [In Persian]
29. Khalid, M. F., Sarwar, M., Rehman, A. U., Shahzad, M. A., & Mukhtar, N. (2012). Effect of Dietary protein Sources on Lamb's performance: A Review. Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science, 2 (2), 111-120.
30. Lachica, M., Aguilera, J. F., & Prieto, C. (1997). Energy expenditure related to the act of eating in Granadina goats given diets of different physical form. British Journal of Nutrition, 77(3), 417-426. 10.1079/BJN19970042. [
DOI:10.1079/BJN19970042]
31. Lallo, C. H. O., & Garci, G. W. (1994). Poultry by-Product meal as a substitute for soybean meal in the diets of growing hair sheep lambs fed whole chopped sugarcane. Small Ruminant Research, 14, 107-114. 10.1016/0921-4488(94)90100-7. [
DOI:10.1016/0921-4488(94)90100-7]
32. Lira-Casas, R., Hernández-Calva, L. M., García-Juárez, G., Salinas-Chavira, J., Ortiz-Morales, O., & Suárez-González, G. (2014). Effects of broiler-meat meal on performance and carcass characteristics of crossbred hair lambs. Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences, 24(6), 1668-1672.
33. Litherl, A. J., Sahlu, T., Toerien, C. A., Puchala, R., Tesfai, K., & Goetsch, A. L. (2000). Effect of dietary protein source on fleece and live weight gain in Angora doelings. Journal of Small Ruminant Research, 38, 29-36. [
DOI:10.1016/S0921-4488(00)00133-4]
34. McDonald, P., Edwards, R. A., Greenhalgh, J. F. D., Morgan, C. A., Sinclair, L. A., & Wilkinson, R. G. (2011). Animal Nutrition. 7th ed., Longman Group UK, Harlow, UK, 693p.
35. Mikolayunas, C., Thomas,D. L., Armentano, L. E., & Berger, Y. M. (2011). Effect of rumen-undegradable protein supplementation and fresh forage composition on nitrogen utilization of dairy ewes. Journal of Dairy Science, 94, 416-425. 10.3168/jds.2010-3656. [
DOI:10.3168/jds.2010-3656]
36. National Research Council. (2007). Nutrient Requirements of Small Ruminants. Sheep, goats, cervide and new world camelids. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
37. Patra, A. K., & Saxena, J. (2011). Exploitation of dietary tannins to improve rumen metabolism and ruminant nutrition. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 91, 24-37. 10.1002/jsfa.4152. [
DOI:10.1002/jsfa.4152]
38. Retnani, Y., Widiarti, W., Amiroh, I., Herawati, L., & Satoto, K. B. (2009). Storage Capacity and palatability of wafer complete ration based on sugar cane top and bagasse on calves. Media Peternakan. Directory of Open Access Journals, 32(2), 130-136. 10.5398/medpet.v32i2.1148.
39. Roodbari1, M., Ghoorchi, T., Hasani, S., Dastar, B., Rajabi AliAbadi, R., & Birjandi, M. (2020). Evalution of protein characteristics of Poultry byproduct meal with CNCPS model and its different levels effect on Baluchi lambs performance. Animal Science Journal (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi), 128, 29-38. 10.22092/asj.2019.124374.1825. [In Persian]
40. Sajjadi, S., Toghdory, A., Ghoorchi, T., & Asadi, M. (2024). The Effect of Replacing Soybean Meal with Poultry Slaughter Residue Powder on Feed Intake and Rumen Parameters of Dalagh Dairy Ewes. Research on Animal Production, 15(43), 1-11. [In Persian] [
DOI:10.61186/rap.15.43.1]
41. Shakeri, P., Riasi, A., & Alikhani, M. (2014). Effects of long period feeding pistachio by-product silage on chewing activity, nutrient digestibility and ruminal fermentation parameters of Holstein male calves. Animal, 8(11), 1826-1831. 10.1017/S1751731114001621. [
DOI:10.1017/S1751731114001621]
42. Shirazi, J., Ghoorchi, T., Toghdory, A., & Seyed-Almousavi, S. M. M. (2023). Investigating the Effect of Replacing Soybean Meal with Poultry Slaughterhouse Waste Mixed with Rice Bran and Urea on Performance, Blood and Rumen Parameters of Fattening Lambs. Research on Animal Production, 13(38), 110-117. 10.52547/rap.13.38.110. [In Persian] [
DOI:10.52547/rap.13.38.110]
43. Silva, T., Medeiros, A., Oliveira, R., Neto, S., Ribeiro, M., Bagaldo, A., & Ribeiro, O. (2015). Peanut cake as a substitute for soybean meal in the diet of goats. Journal of Animal Science, 93, 2998-3005. 10.2527/jas.2014-8548 [
DOI:10.2527/jas.2014-8548]
44. Singh, A., Sidhu, S., & Singh, P. (2019). Bypass protein technology: A review. Journal of Pharma Innovation, 8, 150-153. [
DOI:10.22271/tpi.2019.v8.i1Sa.25234]
45. Taghipour, Z., Tahmasbi, R., Dayani, O., Khezri, A., & Hajalizadeh, Z. (2022). Effect of feeding different levels of whole wasted egg on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation parameters and microbial protein synthesis in Kermani male sheep. Journal of Ruminant Research, 10(3), 19-36. 10.22069/EJRR.2022.19857.1832. [In Persian]
46. Toghdary, A., Ghoorchi, T., Asadi, M., & Kamali, R. (2018). The effect of different levels of maize bran on performance, nutrient digestibility and rumination behavior of Dalagh ewes. Journal of Ruminant Research, 6(3), 71-82. 10.22069/ejrr.2018.15810.1660. [In Persian]
47. Van, E. J. N., Loest, C. A., Ferreira, A. V., Waggoner, J. W., & Mathis, C. P. (2008). Limiting amino acids for growing lambs fed a diet low in ruminally undegradable protein. Journal of Animal Science, 86, 2627-2641. 10.2527/jas.2007-0771. [
DOI:10.2527/jas.2007-0771]
48. Van Soest, P.J. (1994). Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant. 2nd ed. Cornell Univ. press, Ithaca, NY. Pages 258-259. [
DOI:10.7591/9781501732355]
49. Yang, C.M.J. (2002). Response of forage fiber degradation by ruminal, microorganisms to branched chain volatile fatty acids, and dipeptides. Journal of Dairy Science, 85(5), 1183 -1190. 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74181-7 [
DOI:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74181-7]
50. Yousefian, S., Teimoury Yansary, A., & Ansari Porsaraei, Z. (2013). Dietary effects of micronized soybean meal and in compare with protected methionine on growing performance of Zel crossbred lambs. Iranian Journal of Animal Science Research, 5(2), 136-146. 10.22067/ijasr.v5i2.28300. [In Persian]