2024-03-28T15:27:10+03:30 http://rap.sanru.ac.ir/browse.php?mag_id=27&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
27-1046 2024-03-28 10.1002
Research On Animal Production rap 2251-8622 2676-461X 10.61186/rap 2020 11 27 Determination the Optimum Level of Amaranth Grain in Broilers Pelleted Diet Based On Multiple Attribute Decision Making Method (TOPSIS Model) and Production Index Amir Hossein Alizadeh-Ghamsari amir3279@gmail.com Seyed Abdullah Hosseini hosseini1355@gmail.com    An experiment was conducted to determine the optimum level of amaranth grain (AG) in broiler diet by empoying a completely randomized design with 4 experimental groups, 5 replicates and 30 birds (Ross 308 as-hatched chicks with equal proportion from both sexes) per each experimental unit. Experimental groups were included birds received levels of zero (control), 2, 4, and 6% of AG (Amaranthus hybridus, variety Ultra) in pelleted diet from 7 to 42 days of age. During the experiment, performance traits, productive index, low density lipoprotein (LDL)- cholesterol level in serum, relative weight of abdominal fat, absorption index (villus height to crypt depth ratio) in jejunum and stress index (heterophile to lymphocyte ratio) in blood were evaluated. To determine the optimum level of AG in pelleted diet, production index and also multi attribute decision making method (MADM) were applied. Based on scoring by this method, experimental group received 2% AG showed the highest score (0.9158). The control and experimental groups fed with 4 and 6% AG ranked in subsequent positions, respectively. Optimum level of dietary AG inclusion to obtain maximum production index was 1.57%. According to the results, this specific variety of amaranth grain (Ultra) can be included at the range of 1.5 to 2% in broiler pelleted diet.   Amaranth Grain Broiler Chicken Multiple Attribute Decision Making Pelleted Diet Production Index 2020 4 01 1 8 http://rap.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-1046-en.pdf 10.29252/rap.11.27.1
27-964 2024-03-28 10.1002
Research On Animal Production rap 2251-8622 2676-461X 10.61186/rap 2020 11 27 Study of Cellulase Enzymes Activity in Rumen Fluid of Fattening Slaughtered Goat Kids safoura shahravan safura_shahravan@yahoo.com taghi ghoorchi ghoorchit@yahoo.com    An experiment was conducted to investigate the activity of carboxymethylcellulase and microcrystalline-cellulase (Nonomol/min) ruminal hydrolytic enzymes from different fractions of particulate material, extra cellular or cellular. For this purpose, 15 rumen fluids of slaughtered fatteninig Najdi goat kids at the age of 6 months with an average of 28 kg were sampled in 3 treatments and 5 replicates. The experimental diets included 0, 10, 20 percent olive cake was replaced by barley. The results showed that the highest enzyme activity for both enzymes was in the fractions of particulate material in the goat kids fed diet was 20 percent olive cake (P<0.05). Also, the highest total activity of microcrystalline cellulase and carboxymethyl cellulase enzymes was observed in the goats fed with 20% olive cake (nmol / min) compared with other treatments (P<0.0001). Moreover, carboxymethyl-cellulase in particulate material, cellular, extra celluar and total activity where higher than microcrystalline-cellulase. The ruminal pH of goats decreased significantly with the increase in the olive cake in the diet (P <0.0001). The lowest PH in goat kids fed with 20% olive cake was seen compared to other treatments. Overall, the results of this study showed that with increasing levels of olive cake in the diet, the activity of cellulolytic enzymes increased in all three fraction of the rumen contents. The activity of enzymes in particulate material fraction was the highest in all treatments and the extracellular fractions where lowest (P<0.05).   Carboxymethyl-Cellulase Microcrystalline-Cellulase Enzymes Slaughtered Goat Kids Olive Cake 2020 4 01 9 17 http://rap.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-964-en.pdf 10.29252/rap.11.27.9
27-990 2024-03-28 10.1002
Research On Animal Production rap 2251-8622 2676-461X 10.61186/rap 2020 11 27 Effects of Different Levels of Pistachio by-product on In vitro Ruminal Fermentation and Performance of Rayini Goats Aazam Mirheidari az_mirhidar@yahoo.com Yousef Rouzbahan rozbeh_y@modares.ac.ir Hassan Fazael hfazaeli@gmail.com     Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of replacement alfalfa hay with different levels of pistachio by product (PB). In the first experiment, the effects of replacement alfalfa hay with levels of 0, 25, 50 and 75% of PB on rumen fermentation parameters after 24h of incubation were investigated with four treatments and three replications. Second experiment was designed to evaluate effect of diets contained of different levels of PB on dry matter intake (DMI), crude protein intake (CPI), average daily gain (ADG) of twenty twin bearing goat and their kids. Goats with a mean weight of 33.4 ± 2.69 kg feed over an 84-days period experimental diets with a ratio of 80% hay and 20% concentrate. Data from both experiments were analyzed in a completely randomized design. At 50 and 75% of PB replacement level, chemical composition and phenolic compound of experiment diet respectively were decreased and increased in comparison with control and diet contains25%ofPB (P<0.001). Gas production and estimated parameters after 24h of incubation were decreased linearly by replacement levels of 50 and 75% of PB (P<0.001). Partitioning factor (PF) was significantly increased at 50 and 75% of PB replacement level in comparison to other groups (P<0.001). DMI, CPI, ADG of goats and their kids were decreased linearly by replacement levels of 50 and 75% of PB (P<0.001).In general, replacement of alfalfa hay with levels of 25% of PB had no adverse effects on rumen fermentation parameters of goats and daily gain of their kids, however, levels more than 25% had adverse effects on the mentioned parameters.   Kid Rayini Goat Pistachio by Product Fermentation 2020 4 01 18 26 http://rap.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-990-en.pdf 10.29252/rap.11.27.18
27-1016 2024-03-28 10.1002
Research On Animal Production rap 2251-8622 2676-461X 10.61186/rap 2020 11 27 The Effect of Reducing Ration Protein Level Using Commercial Premixes on the Performance and Blood Parameters of Holstein Dairy Cows hadi khorsand khorsandh08@gmail.com hamid reza ghalamkari info@drghalamkari.ir abas sanei research@sepahandane.com rasoul rezaei rs.rezaei@gmail.com amir akbari akbari.amir1@gmail.com    The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of concentrate premixes containing of by-pass proteins (BP) in balanced low protein diets for essential amino acids on performance, blood metabolites and nitrogen efficiency of lactation Holstein dairy cows. Twenty-four multiparous Holstein cows (in 3rd parity and DIM 80±10) randomly were divided to three experimental rations including, 1) control ration with 17.5% CP based on NRC 2001 recommendations, 2) Low protein ration containing concentrate premix with 16.5% CP and 3) Low protein ration containing concentrate premix with 15.5% CP. The ratio of the rumen undegradable protein (RUP) to rumen degradable protein (RDP) in experimental diets was 37:63 and the ratio lysine to methionine was adjusted by concentrate premix up to 3:1 and 2.8:1 in the diet 16.5% and 15.5% CP, respectively. The results showed that the dry matter intake (DMI) increased linearly with a reduction of CP in the diets (P=0.048). The highest 3.5% fat corrected milk yield (FCM) and energy corrected milk (ECM) was recorded for 16.5% CP diet that showed a significant difference than other groups (P=0.038). Milk protein yield and milk nitrogen efficiency (MNE) showed significantl difference between control and 16% CP diets (P=0.05 and P=0.03, respectively). This study showed that decreased in CP levels compared to recommended NRC values (2001), and providing an optimal ratio of limiting amino acids can increase nitrogen yield while maintaining production. Pre-Mixed Bypass Protein Feed Efficiency Nitrogen Efficiency Milk Production Dairy Cattle 2020 4 01 27 34 http://rap.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-1016-en.pdf 10.29252/rap.11.27.27
27-1018 2024-03-28 10.1002
Research On Animal Production rap 2251-8622 2676-461X 10.61186/rap 2020 11 27 Effect of Bacterial Inoculation and Levels of High-Moisture Maize Silage Particle Size on Consumption, Digestibility, Rumen Parameters and Feed Intake Behavior in Sheep Mohsen Dehghani dehghany@gmail.com Mohammad Mehdi Sharifi Hosseini mmsharifi@uk.ac.ir Omid Dayani odayani@uk.ac.ir Ali Madahyan maddahian@pnuk.ac.ir    This study was carried out to investigate the effect of bacterial inoculation on fine and coarse silage size with low dry matter, on the properties of silage and feed intake, digestibility and rumen parameters in Kermani sheep. Approximately 1200 kilograms of corn fodder were harvested in coarse and fine sizes (16 and 8 mm, respectively). During the preparation of the silage, bacterial inoculation was added to 50% coarse and fine corn fodder. Four sheeps with two years old with an average weight of 36.1 ± 1.6 kg BW were used in the form of a Latin square design with a 2 × 2 factorial array with four 21-days period. The ratio of forage to concentrate in diets was 50:50 and includes: 1) The diet contains coarse inoculated corn silage, 2) The deit contains coarse unoculated corn silage, 3) The diet contains fine inoculated corn silage, and 4) The diet contains fine unoculated corn silage. Aerobic stability was the highest in inoculated rations and coarse silage diets (P<0.05). Consumption of DM, OM, NDF, ADF and peNDF, and digestibility of ADF were higher in fine silage diets (P<0.05). The synthesis of microbial protein was higher in a fine silage diets than coarse silage diets (P<0.05). The chewing activity was higher in fine silage diets than coarse silage diets (P<0.05). The results showed that inoculation of bacteria increased aerobic stability of low DM silage, but consumption of nutrients and production of microbial protein was higher in fine silage diets (P<0.05). Aerobic Stability Corn Silage Microbial Protein Physical Effective NDF Ruminal Parameters 2020 4 01 35 45 http://rap.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-1018-en.pdf 10.29252/rap.11.27.35
27-1041 2024-03-28 10.1002
Research On Animal Production rap 2251-8622 2676-461X 10.61186/rap 2020 11 27 Effect of Physical and Biological Processing Methods on Chemical Composition, Gas Production Parameters and in vitro Digestibility of Barley Grain javad Bayat Koohsar javad_bayat@yahoo.com Hossein Asghar Hossein zadeh ashkan.hz71@gmail.com farzad ganbari farzadghanbari@yahoo.com fariba farivar fariba_farivar@yahoo.com      This research was conducted in order to investigate the effect of different physical and biological processing methods on the chemical composition, gas production parameters and in vitro digestibility of barley grain in a completely randomized design (6 treatment and 3 replicates). Treatment were: un processing barley grain (control), Steam-flaked (for 3-5 minutes), yeast treated (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and steam-flaked, microwaved (850 W for 3 minutes), yeast treated and then microwaved and yeast treated, steam-flaked and then microwaved. The chemical composition of the samples was determined using the standard methods. Gas production test was used to estimate the parameters of gas production of samples. In vitro digestibility of the samples was determined by the batch culture method. Processing methods were effective on chemical composition of treatment. Crude protein was increased by different treatments. The highest amount was observed in yeast treated, steam-flaked and then microwaved (14 percent). Treatments have no effect on neutral detergent fiber of barley grain. Processing decreased gas production of barley grain and lowest amount of these trait was observed in yeast treated, steam-flaked and then microwaved (91.36 ml/200 DM). Treatment has no effect on dry matter and organic matter digestibility. Microbial mass production and its efficiency were increased by all treatments except the microwave treatment and the highest increase was seen in steam-flaked + yeast treatment (183.11 mg/g DM and 0.42 respectively). In general, the results showed that different processing methods can significantly affect the nutritional value of barley grain. Barley Grain Microwave Nutritional Value Processing Saccharomyces Cerevisiae 2020 4 01 46 56 http://rap.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-1041-en.pdf 10.29252/rap.11.27.46
27-1042 2024-03-28 10.1002
Research On Animal Production rap 2251-8622 2676-461X 10.61186/rap 2020 11 27 Evaluation the Effects of Liquid Protein Source in Sheep Diet Fed High Wheat Straw Diet on Ruminal Fermentation, Microbial Protein, Hematology and Blood Metabolites Reza Chegini reza.chegini1394@gmail.com mehdi Kazemi-Bonchenari mehdi_kazemi59@yahoo.com mahdi Khodaei Mmotlagh2002@gmail.com Amir Hossein Khaltabadi Farahani amirfarahanikh@gmail.com    The effect of liquid protein feed (corn steep liquor; CSL contain 42% CP, DM basis) and its comparison with conventional protein sources (i.e. soybean meal; SBM and cottonseed meal; CSM) were evaluated in fistulated sheep fed with high wheat straw level included in diet (400 g/kg, DM basis). The study was carried out on three ruminal fistulated sheep in 3 × 3 Latin square design with 21-d periods (the first 14-d for adaptation period and the last 7-d for sample collection). The treatments were; (1) CSL; (2) SBM and (3) CSM included in basal diet. Microbial protein synthesis, ruminal fermentation, nutrients digestibility, hematology and blood metabolites were evaluated in the current study. Results show that intake was not differed among treatments (P > 0.05). However, NDF digestibility was increased in SBM fed sheep (P = 0.02). Total short chain fatty acid production was 73.68, 82.55, and 65.93 mmol for CSL, SBM and CSM, respectively (P = 0.03). Purine derivate as well as microbial protein synthesis were increased in sheep fed SBM (P = 0.02). The hematology of sheep was similar among treatments. Among blood metabolites only blood urea nitrogen was tended to be lower in SBM diet. In conclusion, results show that CSL as liquid protein feed could include in sheep fed high wheat straw diet with no negative effect and further works need to improve its nitrogen efficiency in animal nutrition.   Nitrogen Efficiency Fiber Microbial Protein Synthesis Liquid Protein Sheep 2020 4 01 57 65 http://rap.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-1042-en.pdf 10.29252/rap.11.27.57
27-1054 2024-03-28 10.1002
Research On Animal Production rap 2251-8622 2676-461X 10.61186/rap 2020 11 27 Effects of Zinc Sources on Bioavailability, Production Performance, and Digestibility in Early Lactation of Holstein Dairy Cows mahdi nematpoor rezayazdi@ut.ac.ir kamran rezayazdi m.nematpoor@ut.ac.ir rezayazdi@ut.ac.ir mahdi ganjkhanlou ganjkhanlou@ut.ac.ir armin towhidi atowhidi@ut.ac.ir    Thirty multiparous Holstein dairy cows used to aim the investigation of the effects of zinc from different sources on bioavailability, production performance, and digestibility. Dairy cows in a complete randomized design randomly allocated to one of five dietary treatments that consist of 1) control (no supplement Zn), 2) Zn glycine complex (ZnGly), 3) Zn Hydroxychloride (ZnHcl), 4) Zn oxide (ZnO), 5) Zn sulfate (ZnSO4). The result indicated that different sources of zinc had not affected glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride (P>0.10). The used of different sources of zinc significantly increased of serum zinc to compare control (P<0.010).  Results showed that, BCS, milk, energy-corrected milk, fat-corrected milk yield and milk yield composition in dairy cows were not significantly affected by Zn source (P>0.10). Somatic cell count tended to decrease in ZnGly (P=0.096) and ZnHcl (P=0.073) in compare of control group. Dry matter intake was not different between treatment (P>0.10). Daily zinc intake, fecal zinc, the zinc concentration in milk per liter/or day, the zinc concentration in milk per liter/or day, apparent absorption and retention of zinc significantly were higher in zinc supplemented group in compare of control (P<0.010). Also, the used of different sources of zinc had not significantly affected on digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, and Ash (P>0.10). Therefore, the results of this study suggested that used of zinc sources in dairy cows diet ZnGly and ZnHcl have higher bioavailability than inorganic sources of zinc and also might improve milk quality throw decrease of somatic cell count. Zinc Bioavailability Production Performance Digestibility Dairy Cows 2020 4 01 66 73 http://rap.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-1054-en.pdf 10.29252/rap.11.27.66
27-1037 2024-03-28 10.1002
Research On Animal Production rap 2251-8622 2676-461X 10.61186/rap 2020 11 27 Effect of Different Concentrations of Lavandula Angustifolia Extract On Semen Quality of Rooster during Storage in Liquid Condition Saleh Tabatabaei Vakili s_tabatabaei58@yahoo.com Ali Aghaei ali_aghaei110@gmail.com Amin Kazemizadeh aminkazemi97@gmail.com      The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effect of different levels of the Lavandula angustifolia extract on semen quality of broiler chickens during storage in a liquid condition at 4°C. Semen was collected from 10 Ross-308 broiler breeder roosters twice a week for 4 weeks, and immediately mixed together after the initial evaluation. The semen samples were divided into 5 parts after dilution and each received 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 µg/ml levels of Lavandula angustifolia extract. Semen quality parameters were evaluated at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after storage at 4°C. Adding different levels of Lavandula angustifolia extract resulted significant increase in total and progressive sperm motility after 6 hours of semen storage (P<0.05). The effect of Lavandula angustifolia extract on sperm survival rate was significant (P<0.05). So that treatment with 10 μg/ml of this extract at 12, 24 and 48 hours improved this parameter compared to control (P<0.05). Adding 10 μg/ml of Lavandula angustifolia extract to seminal fluid resulted significant increase in plasma membrane integrity of the sperm after 48 hours of semen storage (P<0.05). 24 and 48 hours after semen storage in liquid condition, the least amount of sperm abnormalities belonged to treatments of 10 and 15 μg/ml extract and the highest amount was in the control and high dose extract (P<0.05). In general, the addition of Lavandula angustifolia extract at 10 μg/ml to diluted semen of broiler roosters improved sperm parameters during semen storage at 4°C. Lavandula Angustifolia Rooster Semen Quality Storage 2020 4 01 74 81 http://rap.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-1037-en.pdf 10.29252/rap.11.27.74
27-1044 2024-03-28 10.1002
Research On Animal Production rap 2251-8622 2676-461X 10.61186/rap 2020 11 27 Effect of Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropine (PMSG) and Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (Gnrh) Combination on Estrous Synchronization in Farahani Ewes Ali Kamani alika.mani7192@gmail.com Mahdi Khodaei- motlagh mmotlagh2002@gmail.com Mehdi Kazemi m-kazemibonchenari@araku.ac.ir Mohammad Hossein Moradi MORADI.HOSEIN@gmail.com     Estrus synchronization is an important technique in management of reproductive function in ewes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of using combination of PMSG and GnRH hormones on estrus synchronization during the breeding season in Farahani ewes. Forty mature Farahani ewes, weighting 48.97±0.55 kg, BCS 3.04±0.3, were used in this study. The experimental ewes were synchronized using CIDR for a period of 10 days and injected 2 ml PGF2α at day 0 and these ewes randomly assigned to four groups. The control group (group 1; n=10) did not receive any treatment. Ewes in group 2 were injected with 150 IU PMSG and 1 ml Buserellin acetate after CIDR removal. The group 3 ewes injected with 100 IU PMSG and 2 ml Buserellin acetate after CIDR removal. The group 4 of ewes were injected with 300 IU PMSG and 0.5 ml Buserellin acetate after CIDR removal. Estrus detected after CIDR removal, then, the ewes were mated with Farahani rams. After parturition, the reproductive parameters of ewes were recorded. The estrus rate was constant in all groups. The lamb weight in group 4 was significantly different (P>0.05) compared with other groups. Pregnancy rate was not significantly meaningful among treatments. The lowest glucose and progesteron concentration was achieved in group 4 that was significantly different (P > 0.05) compared to other groups. The data of birth weight also didn’t show significant differences (P>0.05) between the treatment groups. There was no significant difference in abortion and stillbirths between treatments (P˃0.05). The results showed that the combination of two PMSG and GnRH hormones in the estrus synchronization program could increase the lambing rate up to 0.7. Estrus Synchronization PMSG GnRH Farahani Ewe 2020 4 01 82 87 http://rap.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-1044-en.pdf 10.29252/rap.11.27.82
27-676 2024-03-28 10.1002
Research On Animal Production rap 2251-8622 2676-461X 10.61186/rap 2020 11 27 Comparison of Non-Linear Models to Describe of Growth Pattern in Makuie Sheep mahdi nezhadali mnejadali@yahoo.com sadegh alijani saeidsbry@yahoo.com Arash javanmard a.Javanmard@tabrizu.ac.ir      The aim of this research was to assess the growth curve of Makuie lambs using four growth functions including Logistic, Gompertz, Von Bertalanffy, and Verhulst as well as estimation of the parameters of these functions. 14454 live body weight records (LBW) that were collected in Makuie Sheep Breeding Center during 1990 -2016 were used. The NLMIXED and NLIN procedures of SAS (version 9.4) were used for fitting and estimation of parameters. Different indices were considered for selection of the most appropriate model. The asymptotic mature weight was 25.93 to 36.8 kg for all animal, 32.46 to 25.23 kg for male lambs and 29.29 to 31.15 kg for female lambs, respectively. The highest and lowest growth rate was observed in Verhulst and Von Bertalanffy (0.021 and 0.011, respectively). The logistics function showed the high growth rate for males than females (M: 0.014, F: 0.013), whereas Gompertz function showed a high growth rate for females (M: 0.011, F: 0.013). In order to compare different models, correlation coefficient (R), coefficient of determination (R2), Bayesian information criterion (BIC), Akaike information criterion (AIC), the mean absolute deviation (MAD), residual variance index (Se2) and RMSE were used. According to these indices, the Von Bertalanffy curve was the appropriate model because it achieved the lowest values for AIC, BIC, RMSE, MAD and S2e indices and the highest values for R and R2. When data were analyzed based on sexuality, the accuracy of assessment increased and the models better fitted to the data. The results of this study demonstrated that Von Bertalanffy model could accurately describe the growth pattern of Makuie sheep, especially, when males and females were evaluated separately.   Non-linear regression models Age-weight relationship Growth curve parameters Model matching Growth traits 2020 4 01 88 94 http://rap.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-676-en.pdf 10.29252/rap.11.27.88
27-1028 2024-03-28 10.1002
Research On Animal Production rap 2251-8622 2676-461X 10.61186/rap 2020 11 27 Association of GDF9 Gene Polymorphism with Sperm Quality and Quantity Traits in Iranian Holstein Bulls abolfazl gorbani abolfazlgorbani@gmail.com mostafa behpai mortaza.b2013@gmail.com    The use of artificial insemination in dairy cattle industry may improve the results of selection for production traits. This study attempts to evaluated effect of GDF9A625T and GDF9A489T candidate gene polymorphism on the sperm quality and quantity traits in Iranian bulls. A total of 108 samples of blood and semen was collected of A. I. bulls were born between 1989-2016 years. The GDF9A625T and GDF9A489T SNPs was determined by PCR- RFLP with DraI and NsiI enzymes, respectively. In A625T site, A (351 and 25 bp) and T (376 bp) alleles and in A489T site, A (184 and 24 bp) and T (208bp) alleles was obtained and also three AA, AT and TT genotypes in two marker sites were observed. The frequency results of GDF9A625T site showed that the T allele relative to the A allele was more frequent in Iranian Holstein bulls (0.6343 vs 0.3657) and 44.44, 37.98 and 17.95 percent of bulls had TT, AT and AA genotypes, respectively. In GDF9A625T site, the T allele frequency was more than A allele (0.602 vs 0.398) and 40.82, 38.78 and 20.14 percent of bulls had TT, AT and AA genotypes, respectively. Analysis of variance revealed that the effects of both loci were significant effect on sperm quality in Iranian Holstein bulls. The result of means comparison between genotypes in two marker sites showed that bulls with AT genotype significantly high value in quantitative trait and AA genotype was significantly higher in qualitative trait. Results of this research showed that these marker sites can be beneficial in genomic selection. Gdf9 Polymorphism Sperm Quality Iranian Holstein Bulls 2020 4 01 95 100 http://rap.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-1028-en.pdf 10.29252/rap.11.27.95
27-1032 2024-03-28 10.1002
Research On Animal Production rap 2251-8622 2676-461X 10.61186/rap 2020 11 27 Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Growth Traits in Two Routine and Ascites Inducing Conditions for Ascites Syndrome in a Commercial Broiler Line Maryam Karami Maryam.star65@yahoo.com Jamal Fayazi jfayazi@gmail.com karim Hasanpur Karimhasanpur@yahoo.com Arash Javanmard arash_707@yahoo.com Hamid Varnasari his_vp@yahoo.com     In the present study, phenotypic data including the live bodyweights and the growth rate characteristics of broiler chickens were collected from two offspring generation of 47 and 71 sires of a Commercial Broiler Line respectively and then were separately entered for estimation heritability and statistical calculating the correlation of growth-related traits under conditions routine breeding were used under inducible cold stress for ascites syndrome. Later on, the estimation of heritability for growth related traits was done using UNIVARIATE analyzes and calculation of genetic and phenotypic correlations of these traits with MULTYVARIATE analysis using AREML procedure of WOMBAT software. The heritabilities of growth-related traits varied from low to high in two routine and inducible cold stress condition (from 0.08 to 0.76(and most of it was generally early in the growth period and showed a decreasing trend with age, similar trends were observed in the results in both generations. Phenotypic correlations were lower than genetic correlations at all weeks. With increasing age, genetic and phenotypic correlations for all traits showed a decreasing trend. These results suggest that in addition to the greater influence of non-genetic factors in reducing the share of incremental genetic variance of the total variance, the occurrence of ascites in the last few weeks (especially in cold stress conditions) has reduced the heritability of growth-related traits. The observation of the present report indicated there is no high significant genetic correlation between growth-associated traits between routine temperature conditions and under cold-inducible stress existed, this phenomenon makes messages and conclusion responsible candidate gene for both conditions could not be the same. Outputs about moderate to high estimates for the heritability of the investigated traits indicate that genetic selection can lead to an improvement in such growth characteristics. Genetic Selection Ascites Broiler Chickens Growth-Related Traits Heritability 2020 4 01 101 115 http://rap.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-1032-en.pdf 10.29252/rap.11.27.101
27-1063 2024-03-28 10.1002
Research On Animal Production rap 2251-8622 2676-461X 10.61186/rap 2020 11 27 Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci for Immunity Traits by Microsatellite Markers on chromosome 5 in Japanese Quail Raheleh Khanegir khanegir@gmail.com Mohammad Rokouei rokouei@uoz.ac.ir Hadi Faraji-Arough hadifaraji@uoz.ac.ir Ali Maghsoudi alimaghsouditmu@gmail.com Gholam Reza Dashab dashab@uoz.ac.ir      Immune traits are very important because of their direct relationship with the growth traits and the economic value of quail breeding. The purpose of this study was to investigate the part of the Japanese quail genome in order to detect QTL affecting on immunity traits using a four-generation crossover design. For this purpose, four strains of A and M Texas, Wild, Italian Speckled and Tuxedo Japanese quails were mated as reciprocal crossed for creating the first generation. Then, another generation, including the second, third and fourth generations were created from the crossing of the first generation hybrid birds. Phenotypic data included traits related humoral immunity of birds, including T, M and Y immunoglobulins. The third and fourth generation parents and all birds from the fourth generation parents were genotyped for three microsatellite markers located on the chromosome 5. QTL analysis was performed by interval mapping based on regression with GridQTL software. Three adjacent QTLs in the middle of chromosome 5 for the three IgT, IgM, and IgY were identified at the positions 13.5, 8.9, and 14.7 cm near to marker GUJ0049, respectively. Therefore, the results showed that there was at least one gene with a major effect on immunity traits adjacent to the marker GUJ0049, and adding the information of the mentioned marker genotypes to the statistical models could improve the accuracy of prediction of breeding values for immunity traits ​​in quail. Japanese quail Immunity traits Bootstraping Immunoglobulins 2020 4 01 116 125 http://rap.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-1063-en.pdf 10.29252/rap.11.27.116
27-1005 2024-03-28 10.1002
Research On Animal Production rap 2251-8622 2676-461X 10.61186/rap 2020 11 27 Efficiency Determination of Apiculture Units Using a Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) Method in Lorestan Province (Case Study of Khorramabad City) Behrouz Yarahmadi Behrouzy1347@gmail.com Mohsen mohamadi Saei mohsenmohamadi57@gmail.com Karim Ghorbani karim_ghorbani@yahoo.com Reza Pahlevani re.palevani@gmail.com    This study was conducted to evaluate the production conditions of beekeeping units and determine the efficiency of the units, estimating the Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) of the apiaries in Khorramabad city and evaluating the management and honey production function of these units. This study was carried out in 116 farmsteads in Khorramabad city during 2017. The data collection method was face to face interviews and questionnaires. Data on production functions were estimated by Cobb Douglas functions and technical efficiency by Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) method. The results showed that per capita honey production per hive in Khorramabad city was 8.23 kg. In terms of the cost of inputs were in beekeeping, the cost of renting a garden and ranch 16.28%, the work and keeping of bees 15.05%, of sugar 24.92%, the migration 22.07%, the cost of buying wax 17.52%, the cost of medicine and treatment 1.19% and miscellaneous expenses 2.97%, respectively. The average technical, allocative and economic efficiency was 62.1, 57.7 and 54.6%, respectively, that indicating significant potential of the units in increasing their efficiencies. The results of honey production function showed that the number of migrations per year and the amount of consuming sugar in the apiaries with the coefficients (0.347 and 0.322) had the highest effect on honey production (P<0.01). The results showed that most apiaries in Khorramabad city due to lack of observance of economic principles in management, lack of knowledge of the factors affecting the production had low efficiency. Among beneficiaries of the three technical efficiency, allocative and economic efficiency were for economic efficiency major difference. Generally, in order to develop the beekeeping industry in further, the implementation of the honey guaranteed rate, the relative stability of sugar price, the creation of more security at the colony's premises, the availability of more bank credits, the formation of beekeepers guild, the creation of domestic markets and exports for beekeepers and production insurance is needed. Apiaries Cobb Douglas Functions Stochastic Frontier Analysis (Sfa) Efficiency Khorramabad City 2020 4 01 126 135 http://rap.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-1005-en.pdf 10.29252/rap.11.27.126