دوره 8، شماره 17 - ( پاییز 1396 )                   جلد 8 شماره 17 صفحات 42-34 | برگشت به فهرست نسخه ها


XML English Abstract Print


چکیده:   (9126 مشاهده)
     در این پژوهش تأثیر اسانس آویشن و دارچین ریزپوشانی شده بر عملکرد، برخی فراسنجه‏های خونی و خصوصیات لاشه در جوجه‏های گوشتی، مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.  به این منظور، تعداد 320 قطعه جوجه خروس گوشتی سویه راس 308 به صورت هشت تیمار و چهار تکرار در قالب یک طرح کاملآ تصادفی به مدت 42 روز مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. تیمارها شامل جیره پایه + آنتی بیوتیک، جیره پایه، جیره پایه + اسانس آزاد آویشن، جیره پایه + اسانس ریزپوشانی شده آویشن، جیره پایه + اسانس آزاد دارچین، جیره پایه + اسانس ریزپوشانی شده دارچین، جیره پایه + اسانس آزاد آویشن و دارچین، جیره پایه + اسانس ریزپوشانی شده آویشن و دارچین بودند. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که تیمارهای آزمایشی تاثیر معنی‌داری برصفات عملکردی شامل مقدار مصرف خوراک، افزایش وزن و ضریب تبدیل غذایی در کل دوره نداشت (05/0 <P ). در بررسی فراسنجه‏های خونی، مشاهده شد که افزودن اسانس به جیره باعث کاهش معنی‏دار غلظت کلسترول خون‌ می­شود. همچنین تیمار حاوی دارچین آزاد، بیشترین غلظت لیپوپروتئین با چگالی بالا و تیمار حاوی آویشن و دارچین ریزپوشانی شده، بیشترین غلظت آنزیم گلوتاتیون پراکسیداز را در مقایسه با سایر تیمارها نشان دادند ‏(05/0>P). در بررسی صفات لاشه نیز مشاهده شد که تیمارهای فاقد افزودنی دارای وزن کبد و چربی بطنی بالاتری نسبت به سایر تیمارها بودند (05/0>P ). در کل نتایج این تحقیق حاکی از تأثیر مثبت اسانس‏های ریز پوشانی شده در جوجه‏های گوشتی بر کاهش غلظت کلسترول خون، افزایش فعالیت آنزیم گلوتاتیون پراکسیداز و کاهش وزن کبد و چربی بطنی بود.
متن کامل [PDF 514 kb]   (2437 دریافت)    
نوع مطالعه: پژوهشي | موضوع مقاله: تخصصي
دریافت: 1396/10/20 | پذیرش: 1396/10/20 | انتشار: 1396/10/20

فهرست منابع
1. Abbasi, S. 1997. Technology of microencapsulation and use in food industry. Standard Journal, 68: 25-30 (In Persian).
2. Abdulkarimi, R., M. Daneshyar and A. Aghazadeh. 2011. Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) extract consumption darkens liver, lowers blood cholesterol, proportional liver and abdominal fat weights in broiler chickens. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 10(2): 101-105. [DOI:10.4081/ijas.2011.e20]
3. Aebi, H. 1970. Catalase in vitro, Methods in enzymology, Academic Press, 105: 121-160.
4. Ali, M.N., M.S. Hassan and F.A. Abd El-Ghany. 2007. Effect of strain, type of natural antioxidant and s ulphate on productive, physiological and hatching performance of native laying hens. International Journal of Poultry Science, 6(8): 539-554. [DOI:10.3923/ijps.2007.539.554]
5. Al-Kassie, G.A.M. 2009. Influence of two plant extracts derived from thyme and cinnamon on broiler performance. Pakistan Veterinary Journal, 29(4): 169-173.
6. Barreto, M.S.R., J.F.M. Menten, A.M.C. Racanicci, P.W.Z. Pereira and P. Rizzo. 2008. Plant extracts used as growth promoters in broilers. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 2: 109-115. [DOI:10.1590/S1516-635X2008000200006]
7. Blankenberg, S., H.J. Rupprecht, C. Bickel, M. Torzewski, G. Hafner and L. Tiret. 2003. Peroxidase 1 activity and cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease. The New England Journal of Medicine, 349(17): 1605-13. [DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa030535]
8. Bolükbasi, S.C., M.K. Erhan and A. zkan. 2006. Effect of dietary thyme oil and vitamin E on growth, lipid oxidation, meat fatty acid composition and serum lipoproteins of broilers. South African Journal of Animal Science, 36(3): 189-196.
9. Boumi, T. and M. Daneshyar. 2016. The effect of different amounts of thymus vulgaris essential oil on growth, blood parameters and carcass characteristics on boiler chicks fed with sodium nitrate in water. Scientific Research Bimonthly of Iran Pharmaceutical and Aromatic Plants, 13(4): 598-609 (In Persian).
10. Cardelina, H.J. 2000. Chanllenges and opportunities confronting the botanical dietary supplement industry. Journal of Natural Products, 65: 1073-1084. [DOI:10.1021/np0200515]
11. Case, G.L., L. He, H. Mo and C.E. Elson. 1995. Induction of geranyl pyrophosphate pyrophosphatase activity by cholesterol-suppressive isoprenoids. Journal of Lipid Research, 30(4): 357-359. [DOI:10.1007/BF02536045]
12. Cross, D.E., T. Acamovic, S.G. Deans and R.M. McDevitt. 2002. The effect of dietary inclusions of herbs and their volatile oils on the performance of growing chickens. British Journal of Poultry Science, 43: 33-35. [DOI:10.1080/000716602762388536]
13. Deans, S.G. and P.G. Waterman.1993. Biological activity of volatile oils. In: volatile oil crops, Hay, RKM, and PG Waterman, Eds, Longman Scientific and Technical, Essex.
14. Demir, E., S. Sarica, M.A. Ozcan and M. Suicmez. 2003. The use of natural feed additives as alternatives for an antibiotic growth promoter in broiler diets. British Poultry Science, 44: 44-45. [DOI:10.1080/00071660301944]
15. Faixova, Z. and S. Faix. 2008a. Effect of Cinnamomum zeylanicum on oxidant status in broiler chickens, Physiology Research, 57: 12-3.
16. Gotzi, O., S. Lalas, I. Chinou and J. Tsakni. 2006. Reevaluation of antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Thymus Spp. Extracts before and after encapsulation in liposomes. Journal of Food Protection, 69: 2998-3005 [DOI:10.4315/0362-028X-69.12.2998]
17. Hashemipour, H., H. Kermanshahi, A. Golian and T. Veldkamp. 2013. Effect of thymol and carvacrol feed supplementation on performance, antioxidant enzyme activities, fatty acid composition, digestive enzyme activities, and immune response in broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 92: 2059-2069. [DOI:10.3382/ps.2012-02685]
18. Hernandez, F., J. Madrid, V. Gracia, J. Orengo and M.D. Megias. 2004. Influence of two plant extracts on broilers performance, digestibility, and digestive organ size. Poultry Science, 83:169-174. [DOI:10.1093/ps/83.2.169]
19. Hertrampf, J.W. 2001. Features-alternative antibacterial performance promoters-New feed additive possibilities. Poultry International, 40: 50-54.
20. Jamroz, D., T.B. Wertelecki, M. Houszka and C.B. Kamel. 2006. Influence of diet type on the inclusion of plant origin active substances on morphological and histochemical characteristics of the stomach and jejunum walls in chicken. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 90: 225-268. [DOI:10.1111/j.1439-0396.2005.00603.x]
21. Jones, F.T., W.H. Hagler and P.B. Hamilton. 1982. Association of low levels of aflatoxin feed productivity losses commercial broiler in commercial broiler operations. Poultry Science, 61: 861-868. [DOI:10.3382/ps.0610861]
22. Kabir, S.M.L., M.M. Rahman, M.B. Rahman and S.U. Ahmad. 2004. The dynamics of probiotics on growth performance and immune response in broilers. International Poultry Science, 3(5): 361-364. [DOI:10.3923/ijps.2004.361.364]
23. Khan, A., N.A. Bryden, M.M. Polansky and R.A. Anderson. 1990. Insulin potentiating factor and chromium content of selected foods and spices. Biological Trace Element Research, 24(3): 183-188. [DOI:10.1007/BF02917206]
24. Khosravi Zanjani, M.A., B. Ghiasi Tarzi, A. Sharofan, H. Bakhoda and N. Mahmoudi. 2014. The effect on microencapsulation with calcium alginate and resistant starch on survival on lactolasiluce cazei and sensory properties in cake worm. Iran Nutrition Sciences and Food Industries, 1(8): 39-48 (In Persian).
25. Kraft, K. 1991. Artichoke leaf Extract. Recent findings reflecting effects on lipid metabolism, liver and gastrointestinal tracts. Phytomedicine, 4(4): 369-379. [DOI:10.1016/S0944-7113(97)80049-9]
26. Krasaekoopt, W., B. Bhesh and H. Deeth. 2003. Evaluation of encapsulation techniques of probiotics for yoghurt. International Dairy Journal, 13(1): 3-13. [DOI:10.1016/S0958-6946(02)00155-3]
27. Lee, K.W., H. Everts and A.C. Beyen. 2003. Dietary carvacrol lowers body gain but improves feed conversion in female broiler chickens. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 12: 394-399. [DOI:10.1093/japr/12.4.394]
28. Lee, K.W., H.J. Kapper, M. Frehne and A.C. Beynen. 2003. Effects of dietary essential oil components on growth performance, digestive enzymes and lipid metabolism in female broiler chickens. British Poultry Science, 44: 450-457. [DOI:10.1080/00071660301985]
29. Madene, A., M. Jacquot, l. Joe and D. Scher. 2006. Flavour encapsulation and controlled release - a review. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 41: 1-21. [DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2621.2005.00980.x]
30. Mansoub, N.H. 2011.Comparison of effects of using nettle (Urticadioica) and pro-biotic on performance and serum composition of broiler chickens. Global Veterinary, 6: 247-250.
31. Mohiti Asli, M., A. Meymandi Pour, S. Hoseeini and A. Mahdavi. 2011. Phytimedicine in animal nutrition. pp. 130. 131. 328 (In Persian).
32. Nelson, D.L. and M.M. Cox. 2008. Lehninger principles of biochemistry. ISBN: 071677108X.
33. Nobakht, A. 2013. The effects of thyme, nettle and alfaalfa on performance, carcass details, blood parameters and immune response on boiler chicks. Animal science khowledge and research Journal, 10: 59-72 (In Persian).
34. NRC. 1994. Nutrient requirements of poultry. 9th rev. ed. Nati. Acad. Press, Washington, DC.
35. Nourizadeh, A., T. Mirzapour, K. Ghasemi and M. Razavi. 2005. Study on the antibacterial effects of mint, thyme, licorice, chamomile, savory. Daneshvar pezeshki. Siencetific research, 52: 67-72.
36. Ocak, N., R.G. Erene, F. Burak, A. Altop and A. Ozmen. 2008. Performance of broilers fed diets with dry Mentha piperita L. or Thymus vulgaris L. leaves as growth promoter source. Czech. Journal of Animal Science, 53: 169-175. [DOI:10.17221/373-CJAS]
37. Palliyaguru, M.W.C.D., N. Priyankarage, S.S.P. Silva, S.P. Gunaratne, W.M.P.B. Weerasinghe, P.S. Fernado and A.M.H. Attapatu. 2004. Effect of different probiotics on nutrient utilization and intestinal microflora of broiler chickens. British Poultry Science, S58-S59. [DOI:10.1080/00071660410001698344]
38. Palmer, A., J. Stewart and F. Fyfel. 2002. The potential application of plant essential oils as natural fool preservation in soft cheese. Journal of Microbiology, 1: 463-470. [DOI:10.1006/fmic.2001.0415]
39. Platel, K. and L. Srinivasab. 1996. Influence of dietary spices and their active principles on digestive enzymes of small intestinal mucosa. Inthernational Journal of Food Science and Nutrition, 47: 55-59. [DOI:10.3109/09637489609028561]
40. Radwan, N.L., R.M. Hassan, E.M. Qota and H.M. Fayek. 2008. Effect of natural antioxidant on oxidative stability of eggs and productive and reproductive performance of laying hens. International Journal of Poultry Science, 7: 134-150. [DOI:10.3923/ijps.2008.134.150]
41. Rechner, A.R., A.S. Pannala and C.A. Rice-Evans. 2001. Caffeic acid derivative in artichoke extract are metabolized to phenolic acids in vivo. Free Radical Research, 35(2): 195-202. [DOI:10.1080/10715760100300741]
42. Rita Bilia, A., C. Guccione, B. Isacchi, C. Righeschi, F. Firenzuoli and B. Camilla. 2014. Essential oils loaded in nanosystems: A developing strategy for a successful therapeutic apprach. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 20(14): 1-14. [DOI:10.1155/2014/651593]
43. Rojas-Grau M.A., M.S. Tapia, F.J. Rodrı' Guez, A.J. Carmona and O. Martin-Belloso. 2007. Alginate and gellanbased edible coatings as carriers of antibrowning. Journal of Food Hydrocolloids, 21: 118-27. [DOI:10.1016/j.foodhyd.2006.03.001]
44. Samsam Shariat, S.H. 2005. A selection of medicinal plants. Mony press, pp: 125-78.
45. Sarica, S., A. Ciftci, E. Demir, K. Kilinc and Y. Yildirim. 2005. Use of antibiotic growth promoter and two herbal natural feed additives with and without exogenous enzymes in wheat based broiler diets. South Africa Animal Science, 35: 61-72. [DOI:10.4314/sajas.v35i1.4050]
46. SAS Institue. 2008. SAS Stat User's Guide. Version 9.2 ed. SAS. Inc., Cary, NC.
47. Shafiei, Y., V. Razavilar, A. Javadi and H. Mirzaei. 2012. Survivability of free microencapsulated Lactobacillus Plantarum with Alginate and resistant starch in simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 10: 207-2012.
48. Simsek, U.G., M. Ciftci, G. Doan and M. zçelk. 2013. Antioxidant activity of cinnamon bark oil (Cinnamomum zeylanicum L.) in japanese quails under thermo neutral and heat stressed conditions. Kafkas University. Vetenrinary Faculty, 19: 13-17. [DOI:10.9775/kvfd.2013.9049]
49. Skrubis, Ga. 1972. Seven wild aromatic plants growing in Greece and their essential oils. The Flavor Industry, 3: 556-571.
50. Sun, J. and H. Tan. 2013. Alginate-based biomaterials of regenerative medicine application. Materials, 6: 1285-1309. [DOI:10.3390/ma6041285]
51. Taback, M., R. Armon and I. Neeman.1999. Cinnamon extracts inhibitory effect on Helicobater pylori. Journal of Ethnophamacology, 67: 269-277. [DOI:10.1016/S0378-8741(99)00054-9]
52. Thakar, N.M., D.M. Chairmam, A.R. McElroy, C.L. Novak and R.L. Link. 2004. Pharmacological screening of some medicinal plants as antimicrobial and feed additives. M.Sc. Thesis. Department of Animal Science. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virgina USA, 73 pp.
53. Wallace, R.J. 2005. Antimicrobial properties of plant secondary metabolites. Proceeding of the Nutrition Society, 63: 621-629. [DOI:10.1079/PNS2004393]
54. Wang, Q., J. Gong, X. Huang, H. Yu and F. Xue. 2009. In vitro evaluation of the activity of microencapsulated carvacrol against Escherichia coli with K88 pili. Journal of Applied Microbiology, ISSN 1364-5072. [DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04374.x]
55. Youdim, K.A. and S.G. Deans. 1999a. Beneficial effects of thyme oil on age-related changes in the phospholipid C20 and C22 polyunsaturated fatty acid composition of various rat tissues. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1438: 140-146. [DOI:10.1016/S1388-1981(99)00045-1]
56. Zhang, Y., J. Gong, H. Yu, Q. Guo, C. Defelice, M. Hernandez, Y. Yin and Q. Wang. 2014. Alginate-whey protein dry powder optimized for target delivery of essential oils to the intestine of chickens Poultry Science, 93: 2514-2525. [DOI:10.3382/ps.2013-03843]

بازنشر اطلاعات
Creative Commons License این مقاله تحت شرایط Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License قابل بازنشر است.