fa بررسی اثر عوامل ژنتیکی و غیرژنتیکی بر طول عمر گوسفندان مهربان تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <strong><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">در این پژوهش از رکوردهای طول عمر </span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">2699</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">1</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> راس بره حاصل از 405 راس قوچ و 8114 راس میش نژاد مهربان که طی<br> سال&shy;های 1360 تا 1390 به&shy;وسیله سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان همدان جمع&shy;آوری شده بود، استفاده شد.</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">به منظور تعیین عوامل ثابت برازش شده در مدل آماری (سال</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تولد، ماه تولد، تیپ تولد، سن مادر، اثر گله، جنس بره و متغیر کمکی وزن تولد بره و اثرات متقابل بین آنها) از رویه </span></span></span><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">GLM</span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> نرم&shy;افزار </span></span></span><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">SAS</span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> استفاده شد. </span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">اثر متقابل سال تولد-جنس بره و</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> تمامی اثرات ثابت به جز نوع تولد، سن مادر و متغیر کمکی وزن تولد بره به صورت خطی بر طول</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">عمر</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">معنی&shy;دار</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">(001/0</span></span></span><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">P<</span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> ) بودند. جهت برآورد پارامترهای ژنتیکی صفت طول عمر از روش بیزی با استفاده از نمونه&shy;گیری گیبس و نرم&shy;افزار </span></span></span><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">TM</span></span>^{<span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">1</span></span></span>}<span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> استفاده شد.</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">برای تمام تجزیه&shy;های بیزی&nbsp; از 500000 نمونه، با دوره&shy;ی </span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">گرم کردن</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">100000 و با فواصل 100 از یکدیگر استفاده شد</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">. </span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">میانگین</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">وراثت&shy;پذیری</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مستقیم</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مادری</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">طول عمر</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تجزیه&shy;های مختلف</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">به ترتیب بین 16/0 تا 22/0 و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بین 13/0 تا 15/0 برآورد</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">شدند. میانگین</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">همبستگی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بین</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">اثر</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ژنتیکی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">افزایشی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مستقیم</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">با</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">اثر ژنتیکی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">مادری 54/0- تا 61/0- بدست</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">آمد</span></span></span><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;"> .</span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">با توجه به برآورد</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">پایین</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">وراثت</span></span></span><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:8.0pt;">&shy;</span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">پذیری</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">صفت</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">طول</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">عمر،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">می&shy;توان</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">نتیجه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">گرفت، به منظور افزایش</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">طول</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">عمر، باید</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">با</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بهبود شرایط</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">محیطی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">تصمیمات</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">کاربردی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">و مدیریتی،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">طول</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">عمر</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">بره&shy;ها</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">را</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">افزایش</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">داد</span></span></span></strong> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Longevity records of 26991 Mehraban lambs born from 405 sires and 8114 dams which collected by the Agricultural Organization of Hamedan Province during 1981 to 2011 were used in this study. To determine the fixed effects fitted in statistical model (birth year, birth month, type of birth, age of dam, flock, lamb sex and lamb birth weight and their interactions), the GLM procedure of SAS software was used. Interaction between birth year-lamb sex and all fixed effects except for birth type, dam age and linear covariate variable of lamb birth weight was significant on longevity (P<0.001). Estimation of genetic parameters for longevity was obtained by Bayesian methods based on Gibbs sampling using with TM Software. All Bayesian analysis conducted with a total of 500,000 samples, 100,000 samples for burning period and thinning interval of 100. Average direct heritability and maternal heritability for longevity in various analyzes were 0.16 to 0.22 and 0.13 to 0.15, respectively. The average correlation between direct and maternal additive genetic effects was from -0.54 to -0.61According to low estimates of heritability for longevity, it can be concluded that in order to increase longevity, environmental conditions and management decisions should be improved. پارامتر ژنتیکی, تجزیه بیزی, طول عمر, گوسفند, نمونه گیری گیبس Bayesian analysis, Genetic parameters, Gibbs sampling, Longevity, Sheep 157 165 http://rap.sanru.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-246&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 سپیده رمضانی اکبرآباد 10031947532846007536 10031947532846007536 No نوید قوی حسین زاده 10031947532846007537 10031947532846007537 Yes