Research on Animal Production
پژوهشهاي توليدات دامي
Res Anim Prod
Agriculture
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admin
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jalali
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2018
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تجزیه و تحلیل مولفه های اصلی صفات کیفیت داخلی تخم مرغ و برخی از
صفات عملکردی مرغهای بومی آذربایجان
Principal Component Analysis of Internal Egg Quality and some Performance Traits of Azarbayjan Native Chickens
تخصصي
Special
پژوهشي
Research
<span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">یکی از مشکلات اصلی ارزیابی ژنتیکی چند متغیره در اصلاح نژاد طیور، هزینه محاسباتی زیاد آن است. در این راستا، تجزیه و تحلیل مولفه­های اصلی (</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">PCA</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">)، روش مناسب پیشنهادی برای کاهش تعداد صفاتی است که با هم همبسته هستند. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، تعیین موثرترین مولفه­های اصلی فنوتیپی برای صفات کیفیت داخلی تخم­مرغ و برخی صفات عملکردی مرغهای بومی آذربایجان بود. بدین منظور، از حدود 1500 قطعه مرغ بومی، صفاتی از قبیل: وزن بدن هنگام بلوغ جنسی (</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">BWSM</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">)، سن بلوغ جنسی (</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ASM</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">)، حجم تخممرغ (</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">EV</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">)، درصد زرده (</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YP</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">)، عرض زرده (</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YWI</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">)، وزن زرده (</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YW</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">) شاخص زرده (</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YI</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">)، ماده خشک زرده (</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YDM</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">)، عمق زرده (</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YD</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">)، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">pH</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> زرده (</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YPH</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">)، ضریب زرده (</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YC</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">)، نسبت وزن زرده به وزن سفیده (</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">RYA</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">)، درصد آلبومین (</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">AP</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">)، واحد هاو (</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">HU</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">)، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">pH</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> آلبومین (</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">APH</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">)، ارتفاع آلبومین (</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">AH</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">)، ماده خشک آلبومین (</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ADM</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">) و وزن آلبومین (</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">AW</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">) اندازهگیری شد. سپس، برای برآورد آمار توصیفی، ضرایب همبستگی فنوتیپی پیرسون و مولفه­های اصلی از نرم­افزار </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">SAS</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> استفاده شد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که دامنه تغییرات ضریب همبستگی فنوتیپی از صفر تا 98/0 متغیر بوده و همچنین، ضریب همبستگی بین صفات </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">HU</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">AH</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YP</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">RYA</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YW</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YC</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YP</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YWI</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YP</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YW</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YP</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YDM</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YP</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YC</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YWI</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YW</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YWI</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YDM</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YWI</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">RYA</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YW</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">RYA</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YI</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YD</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YDM</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YC</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YDM</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">RYA</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YC</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">RYA</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">AP</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">AW</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">ADM</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">AW</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> بیشتر از 6/0 برآورد گردید. نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل مولفه­های اصلی (</span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">PCA</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">) نشان داد که هشت مولفه اول 21/90 درصد از کل تنوع صفات کیفیت داخلی تخم­مرغ را تبیین می­کنند. اعمال روش </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">PCA</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> بر روی صفات کیفیت داخلی تخممرغ، وزن بدن و سن مرغ در هنگام بلوغ جنسی، نشان می­دهد که متغیرهای </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YW</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YDM</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YC</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YP</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> RYA</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">YWI</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">AP</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">AH</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">، </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">AW</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> و </span></span></span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:times new roman bold,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">HU</span></span></span><span dir="RTL"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:2 mitra;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;"> تأثیر زیادی بر واریانس فنوتیپی مجموع صفات مورد بررسی دارند. بنابراین، این روش میتواند در تجزیه و تحلیلهای صفات مرتبط با کیفیت داخلی تخممرغ و عملکرد مرغهای بومی استفاده شود و از این طریق کمک شایانی برای کاهش هزینههای محاسباتی و سرعت ارزیابی ژنتیکی متغیرهای چند صفتی گردد.</span></span></span></span>
One of the main problems of multiple-trait genetic evaluation in poultry breeding is high computing costs. Principal components analysis (PCA) is a method for reducing the number of traits in correlated trait analysis. The aim of the present study was to determine the most effective principal components (PCs) of internal egg quality and some performance traits of Azarbayjan native chickens. Records were measured from 1500 native hens, including body weight at sexual maturity (BWSM), age at first egg production (ASM), egg volume (EV), yolk percent (YP), yolk width (YWI), yolk weight (YW), yolk Index (YI), yolk dry matter (YDM), yolk depth (YD), yolk pH (YPH), yolk coefficient (YC), the ratio of yolk weight to albumen weight (RYA), albumen percent (AP), Hough Unit (HU), albumen pH (APH), albumen height (AH), albumen dry matter (ADM), albumen weight (AW). Descriptive statistics, phenotypic Pearson coefficients and principal components analysis were evaluated using SAS software. The results showed that the range of Pearson correlation coefficients for phenotypic traits varied from zero to 0.98. The correlation coefficients more than 0.6 between HU and AH, YP and RYA, YW and YC, YP and YWI, YP and YW, YP and YDM, YP and YC<span dir="RTL">، </span>YWI and YW, YWI and YDM, YWI and RYA, YW and RYA, YI and YD, YDM and YC, YDM and RYA, YC and RYA, AP and AW, and ADM and AW were evaluated<span dir="RTL">.</span> The PCA analysis showed that the eight first principal components explained about 90.21% of the total variation of internal egg quality traits. Using PCA in internal egg quality, BWSM and ASM showed that YW, YDM, YC, YP, RYA, YWI, AP, AH, AW and HU have great impact on the total phenotypic variance. So, this method can be used for internal egg quality and performance trait analysis of native hens and can reduce computing costs and time of genetic evaluation of multiple traits.
مولفه های اصلی, همبستگی پیرسون, ویژه مقدار, چند متغیره, کیفیت داخلی تخم مرغ
Eigenvalue, Internal egg quality, Multiple-traits, Pearson correlation, Principal
components
175
183
http://rap.sanru.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-244&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Samim
Babajani
صمیم
باباجانی
10031947532846007376
10031947532846007376
Yes
Sadegh
Alijani
صادق
علیجانی
10031947532846007377
10031947532846007377
No
Majid
Olyayee
مجید
علیایی
10031947532846007378
10031947532846007378
No
Arash
Javanmard
آرش
جوانمرد
10031947532846007379
10031947532846007379
No