fa اثر چند شکلی ژن STAT5A بر صفات تولید شیر در گاوهای نر هلشتاین تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <p align="right"><span dir="rtl"></span><span 14pt="" 2="" dir="rtl" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" lang="FA" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-ascii-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" mso-hansi-font-family:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times=""><span dir="rtl"></span><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font size="5">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </font></span>مبدل سیگنال و فعال کننده نسخه‌ برداری (</font></span><span 12pt="" 2="" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-bidi-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times="">STAT5A</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span 14pt="" 2="" dir="rtl" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" lang="FA" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-ascii-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" mso-hansi-font-family:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times=""><span dir="rtl"></span><font face="Times New Roman">) به دلیل دخالت در توسعه غده پستان و نقش اصلی در انتقال سیگنال‌های پرولاکتین و فعال نمودن نسخه‌برداری ژن‌های پروتئین شیر در پاسخ به پرولاکتین، به عنوان یک ژن کاندیدای تولید شیر مطرح است. در این مطالعه به منظور بررسی اثر چند شکلی ژن </font></span><span 12pt="" 2="" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-bidi-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times="">STAT5A</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span 14pt="" 2="" dir="rtl" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" lang="FA" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-ascii-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" mso-hansi-font-family:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times=""><span dir="rtl"></span><font face="Times New Roman"> بر ارزش اصلاحی صفات تولید شیر، نمونه‌های اسپرم 134 گاو نر پروف شده از مرکز اصلاح نژاد دام کشور تهیه و بعد از استخراج </font></span><span 12pt="" 2="" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-bidi-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times="">DNA</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span 14pt="" 2="" dir="rtl" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" lang="FA" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-ascii-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" mso-hansi-font-family:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times=""><span dir="rtl"></span><font face="Times New Roman">، یک قطعه 215 جفت بازی از اگزون 7 ژن</font></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span 14pt="" 2="" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" lang="FA" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-bidi-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times=""><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span 12pt="" 2="" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-bidi-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times="">STAT5A</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span 14pt="" 2="" dir="rtl" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" lang="FA" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-ascii-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" mso-hansi-font-family:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times=""><span dir="rtl"></span><font face="Times New Roman"> تکثیر شد. محصول واکنش زنجیره‌ای پلی‌مراز با آنزیم برشی </font></span><i><span 12pt="" 2="" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-bidi-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times="">Ava</span></i><span 12pt="" 2="" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-bidi-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times="">I</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span 12pt="" 2="" dir="rtl" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-ascii-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" mso-hansi-font-family:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times=""><span dir="rtl"></span><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;</font></span><font face="Times New Roman"><span 14pt="" 2="" dir="rtl" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" lang="FA" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-ascii-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" mso-hansi-font-family:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times="">هضم شد. فراوانی<br> ژنوتیپ&shy;های </span><span 12pt="" 2="" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-bidi-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times="">CC</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span 12pt="" 2="" dir="rtl" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-ascii-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" mso-hansi-font-family:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times=""><span dir="rtl"></span> </span><span 14pt="" 2="" dir="rtl" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" lang="FA" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-ascii-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" mso-hansi-font-family:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times="">و </span><span 12pt="" 2="" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-bidi-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times="">TC</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span 14pt="" 2="" dir="rtl" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" lang="FA" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-ascii-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" mso-hansi-font-family:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times=""><span dir="rtl"></span> به ترتیب 739/0 و 261/0 و فراوانی آلل‌های </span><span 12pt="" 2="" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-bidi-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times="">T</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span 14pt="" 2="" dir="rtl" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" lang="FA" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-ascii-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" mso-hansi-font-family:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times=""><span dir="rtl"></span> و </span><span 12pt="" 2="" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-bidi-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times="">C</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span 14pt="" 2="" dir="rtl" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" lang="FA" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-ascii-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" mso-hansi-font-family:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times=""><span dir="rtl"></span> به ترتیب 131/0 و 869/0 محاسبه شد. ارزش اصلاحی گاوهای نر با استفاده از مدل حیوانی تک صفتی و الگوریتم </span><span 12pt="" 2="" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-bidi-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times="">AIREML</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span 14pt="" 2="" dir="rtl" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" lang="FA" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-ascii-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" mso-hansi-font-family:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times=""><span dir="rtl"></span> و از طریق نرم&shy;افزار </span><span 12pt="" 2="" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-bidi-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times="">MATVEC</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span 14pt="" 2="" dir="rtl" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" lang="FA" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-ascii-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" mso-hansi-font-family:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times=""><span dir="rtl"></span> برآورد گردید. توزیع فراوانی ژنوتیپ‌ها در تعادل هاردی- وینبرگ قرار داشت. تفاوت حداقل میانگین مربعات ارزش‌های اصلاحی بین دو ژنوتیپ در تولید پروتئین شیر معنی‌دار بود (016/0</span><span 12pt="" 2="" dir="rtl" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" lang="FA" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-ascii-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" mso-hansi-font-family:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times="">></span><span 12pt="" 2="" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-bidi-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times="">P</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span 14pt="" 2="" dir="rtl" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" lang="FA" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-ascii-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" mso-hansi-font-family:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times=""><span dir="rtl"></span>) و ژنوتیپ </span><span 12pt="" 2="" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-bidi-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times="">TC</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span 14pt="" 2="" dir="rtl" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" lang="FA" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-ascii-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" mso-hansi-font-family:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times=""><span dir="rtl"></span> پروتئین بالاتری تولید کرد. در بقیه صفات تولید شیر تفاوت حداقل میانگین مربعات معنی&shy;دار نبود. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده می‌توان استنباط نمود که چند شکلی در ژن </span><span 12pt="" 2="" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-bidi-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times="">STAT5A</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span 14pt="" 2="" dir="rtl" en-us="" fa="" font-size:="" lang="FA" mso-ansi-language:="" mso-ascii-font-family:="" mso-bidi-language:="" mso-fareast-font-family:="" mso-fareast-language:="" mso-hansi-font-family:="" new="" style="FONT-FAMILY: " times=""><span dir="rtl"></span> می‌تواند به عنوان یک نشانگر موثر در افزایش تولید پروتئین شیر مورد توجه قرار گیرد.</span></font></p> <br> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A (STAT5A) was chosen as candidate gene because of its involvement in the development of the mammary gland and it is a key mediator of prolactin signaling and can activate transcription of milk protein genes in response to prolactin. Semen samples from 134 Iranian Holstein proven bulls were obtained from the Animal Breeding Center of Iran. A 215 bp fragment, located within exon 7 of bovine STAT5A gene was amplified. PCR product was digested with <em>Ava</em>I enzyme. Genotypic frequencies of CC and TC were 0.739 and 0.261 respectively and gene frequencies of T and C alleles were 0.131 and 0.869 respectively. Genotypes are distributed according to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Breeding values for milk related traits (milk, fat and protein yield and percent age) were estimated using animal model and AIREML procedures as programmed in MATVEC software. Least squares means between two genotypes for protein yield were significance (P<0.016) and TC genotype had higher protein yield. We can conclude that RFLP in STAT5A is a promising new possibility to select for increased yield of milk protein through selection for the T allele. ارزش اصلاحی, هلشتاین ایران, ژن STAT5A, چند شکلی Breeding value, Iranian Holstein, STAT5A gene, Polymorphism 37 44 http://rap.sanru.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-34&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Mostafa Sadeghi مصطفی صادقی 10031947532846009831 10031947532846009831 Yes Faculty of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Tehran دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران Mohammad Moradi Shahr Babak محمد مرادی شهر بابک 10031947532846009832 10031947532846009832 No Faculty of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Tehran دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران Ghodratollah Rahimi Mianji قدرت ا ... رحیمی میانجی 10031947532846009833 10031947532846009833 No College of Animal Science and Fisheries, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University دانشکده علوم دامی و شیلات، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری Ardeshir Nejati Javaremi اردشیر نجاتی جوارمی 10031947532846009834 10031947532846009834 No Faculty of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Tehran دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران