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Effect of Different Levels of Symbiotic on the Japanese Quail Performance, Immune Response and Small Intestine Histomorphology
Seyede Sima Mohammadi, Hamidreza Khodaei, Sohail Mir Habibi, Hossein Manafi Rasi,
Volume 10, Issue 26 (12-2019)
Abstract
     In order to reduce the risks of antibiotic use in poultry diets, the use of alternative additives such as probiotic and prebiotic compounds has attracted the attention of researchers. 128 quail chicks were randomly assigned to study the effects of different levels of synbiotic additive (KidiLact®) on performance parameters, immune response and histology of small intestine in Japanese quails. Quail chicks were distributed in completely randomize design with 4 experimental groups, and each experimental group consisted of 4 replicates and each replicate consisted of 8 birds. The experimental groups included either the first group or the control group without any supplement with the base ration, the second, third and fourth groups, the basal ration plus 1, 2 and 3 grams the synbiotic per liter of water, respectively for 30 days. According to the results of this study, different experimental groups had a significant effect on villi length, crypt depth, monocyte percentage, eosinophil percentage and Igγ percentage (p<0.05). The length of the villus and the intestinal crypt depth in the fourth experimental group were more than the control group, and daily weight gain parameters, the coefficient food conversion, intestinal weight, liver weight, duodenum, jejunum and ileum length, epithelial thickness and lymphocyte percentage were not significantly different between the experimental groups (p>0.05). Experimental groups also had significant effects on some immune response parameters in quail blood and monocyte percentage. Eosinophil and Igγ levels were higher in the experimental group than in the control group, but no significant difference were found in percentage of lymphocytes between the experimental groups was not difference. The results of this study showed that adding synbiotic has not a positive effect on the performance of avail chicks. However, the immune parameters and histologic indicators of the intestine have been positively impacted.
 

Effect of Fat Supplements in Starter Diet on Performance, Blood and Rumen Parameters of Holstein Calves
Dr Hossein Manafi Rasi, Engineer Salman Afshar, Engineer Amirhossein Rezakhani,
Volume 12, Issue 33 (10-2021)
Abstract
     To determine the effects of addition of the protected saturated and unsaturated fats on performance, blood and rumen parameters of Holstein suckling calves an experiment using 40 newborn calves (20 females and 20 males) with 5±2 days old and an average weight of 35±2 kg after colostrum administration was carried out in a completely randomized design with four treatments and 10 replicate for 70 days. Experimental groups included: 1) control diet, without fat supplementation, 2) diet with 2% calcium-unsaturated fatty acid supplementation, 3) diet with 2% calcium-unsaturated fatty acid supplementation, and 4) diet with an equal mixture 1% of both were complemented. In order to evaluate changes in body weight, chest circumference and height, the data were measured and recorded weekly at 10 a.m. To determine the blood parameters, blood samples were taken from the jugular vein on the 30th and 70th days experiment. The results of this study showed that the addition of unsaturated and unsaturated fat supplements did not have a significant effect on calves' performance so that weight gain, feed intake, feed efficiency and fecal index were not significantly different in experimental groups. Also, skeletal growth of calves was not affected by dietary fat supplementation. Dietary supplementation significantly affected the digestibility of the diet (p<0.05). The digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and neutral detergent fiber was higher in all experimental groups receiving fat supplement than the control group (p<0.05). The highest fat digestibility was in the experimental group containing unsaturated fatty acids. Fat supplementation had no significant effect on ruminal fluid and blood parameters of calves. Due to the uniformity of energy and crude protein in the experimental diets, it was expected that the most important factor in the possible improvement of calf performance was the positive effect of these supplements on the digestibility of the diet and the biological role of fatty acids, especially in health. The results of this study showed a positive effect of supplements on digestibility, but these changes may not be large enough to affect feed efficiency and weight gain in calves.

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