1- Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
2- Animal and Poultry Nutrition Department, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3- Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
4- Birjand University, Birjand, Iran
2- Animal and Poultry Nutrition Department, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3- Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
4- Birjand University, Birjand, Iran
Abstract: (317 Views)
Extended Abstract
Background: The use of oilseeds in poultry feeding is accepted as a management strategy to reduce feed costs, which is often used in Europe, Australia, and Canada. In Iran, poultry diets are mainly composed of corn and soybean meal. The use of exogenous enzymes improves the nutritional value of diets based on corn and soybean meal. Considering that few studies have been published regarding the effects of using whole grains along with corn and soybean in poultry nutrition. Therefore, to reduce the anti-nutritional effects of full-fat soybean using protease enzyme, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of full-fat soybean on performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and intestinal morphology in Japanese quails.
Methods: To conduct the experiment, 480 male and female quail chicks were used in the form of eight treatments with four replications, in which 15 quails were randomly placed in each replication. The experimental period was from the age of 3 to 45 days. Two quails from each experimental unit, which were close to the average weight of the respective experimental unit, were selected and slaughtered at the end of the research. At this stage, the thighs and breasts of the slaughtered quails were numbered to measure moisture, acidity, and malondialdehyde, and then kept in ice until transfer to the freezer. In this research, a factorial experiment was conducted using a completely randomized basic design, and the quails were treated with four levels (zero, 4.25, 8.5, and 12.75%) of full-fat soybeans and two levels (zero and 500 mg/kg) of the multi-enzyme.
Results: The different levels of full-fat soybean and the multi-enzyme did not significantly affect weight gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion ratio in the whole period (p > 0.05). After 30 days of the slaughter, the water holding capacity of the breast meat was higher in quails fed diets without high-fat soybeans and 8.5% of high-fat soybeans (62.82 and 63.04, respectively) than the level received 12.75% of high-fat soybeans (60.05) (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference with the level of 25.4% high-fat soybeans (61.32). Moreover, levels of 8.5% and 12.75% of high-fat soybeans led to higher amounts of malondialdehyde than the control treatment (p < 0.05; 1.45 and 1.55 μg/g, respectively). The effect of the enzyme was not significant on the meat quality indicators after 30 and 90 days of slaughter. The highest (12.53 cm) and the lowest (10.46 cm) duodenum length were observed by using 12.75% and 4.25% of high-fat soybean, respectively (p < 0.05). The level of 500 mg/kg enzyme decreased the length of the jejunum compared to the first level of enzyme (zero) (26.62 versus 28.98 cm). The interaction effect of high-fat soybean and the enzyme was significant (p < 0.05) on the lengths of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. In this case, the maximum duodenum length belonged to 12.75% of high-fat soybeans and the zero enzyme level (12.81 cm) and the lowest length was recorded for the level of 4.25% high-fat soybeans and the zero enzyme level. The maximum length of the jejunum was obtained in the control treatment (zero level of high-fat soybean and the enzyme), and the lowest length was obtained in the levels of zero and 500, 4.25, and 500, 8.5, and 500, 12.75, and zero. The maximum length of the ileum was obtained at the level of 4.25 x 500, and the lowest length was obtained at the levels of 8.5 x 500, 12.25, zero, and 12.75 x 500 (p < 0.05). Blood cholesterol and LDL levels were higher in quails fed diets without high-fat soybeans than in those received high-fat soybeans (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: In general, in this experiment, the addition of high-fat soybean supplemented with the enzyme did not significantly affect growth performance, meat quality, intestinal morphology, and blood parameters in Japanese quails.
Background: The use of oilseeds in poultry feeding is accepted as a management strategy to reduce feed costs, which is often used in Europe, Australia, and Canada. In Iran, poultry diets are mainly composed of corn and soybean meal. The use of exogenous enzymes improves the nutritional value of diets based on corn and soybean meal. Considering that few studies have been published regarding the effects of using whole grains along with corn and soybean in poultry nutrition. Therefore, to reduce the anti-nutritional effects of full-fat soybean using protease enzyme, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of full-fat soybean on performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and intestinal morphology in Japanese quails.
Methods: To conduct the experiment, 480 male and female quail chicks were used in the form of eight treatments with four replications, in which 15 quails were randomly placed in each replication. The experimental period was from the age of 3 to 45 days. Two quails from each experimental unit, which were close to the average weight of the respective experimental unit, were selected and slaughtered at the end of the research. At this stage, the thighs and breasts of the slaughtered quails were numbered to measure moisture, acidity, and malondialdehyde, and then kept in ice until transfer to the freezer. In this research, a factorial experiment was conducted using a completely randomized basic design, and the quails were treated with four levels (zero, 4.25, 8.5, and 12.75%) of full-fat soybeans and two levels (zero and 500 mg/kg) of the multi-enzyme.
Results: The different levels of full-fat soybean and the multi-enzyme did not significantly affect weight gain, feed consumption, and feed conversion ratio in the whole period (p > 0.05). After 30 days of the slaughter, the water holding capacity of the breast meat was higher in quails fed diets without high-fat soybeans and 8.5% of high-fat soybeans (62.82 and 63.04, respectively) than the level received 12.75% of high-fat soybeans (60.05) (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference with the level of 25.4% high-fat soybeans (61.32). Moreover, levels of 8.5% and 12.75% of high-fat soybeans led to higher amounts of malondialdehyde than the control treatment (p < 0.05; 1.45 and 1.55 μg/g, respectively). The effect of the enzyme was not significant on the meat quality indicators after 30 and 90 days of slaughter. The highest (12.53 cm) and the lowest (10.46 cm) duodenum length were observed by using 12.75% and 4.25% of high-fat soybean, respectively (p < 0.05). The level of 500 mg/kg enzyme decreased the length of the jejunum compared to the first level of enzyme (zero) (26.62 versus 28.98 cm). The interaction effect of high-fat soybean and the enzyme was significant (p < 0.05) on the lengths of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. In this case, the maximum duodenum length belonged to 12.75% of high-fat soybeans and the zero enzyme level (12.81 cm) and the lowest length was recorded for the level of 4.25% high-fat soybeans and the zero enzyme level. The maximum length of the jejunum was obtained in the control treatment (zero level of high-fat soybean and the enzyme), and the lowest length was obtained in the levels of zero and 500, 4.25, and 500, 8.5, and 500, 12.75, and zero. The maximum length of the ileum was obtained at the level of 4.25 x 500, and the lowest length was obtained at the levels of 8.5 x 500, 12.25, zero, and 12.75 x 500 (p < 0.05). Blood cholesterol and LDL levels were higher in quails fed diets without high-fat soybeans than in those received high-fat soybeans (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: In general, in this experiment, the addition of high-fat soybean supplemented with the enzyme did not significantly affect growth performance, meat quality, intestinal morphology, and blood parameters in Japanese quails.
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