Volume 13, Issue 38 (12-2022)
Res Anim Prod 2022, 13(38): 8-18 |
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Salmanian M, Shams Shargh M, Yamchi A, Mohammadi Ghasem Abadi M H. (2022). Effect of Grain Type and Phytase Enzyme on Growth Performance, Cecum Microbial Population, Carcass and Bone Characteristics of Broiler Chickens. Res Anim Prod. 13(38), 8-18. doi:10.52547/rap.13.38.8
URL: http://rap.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-1288-en.html
URL: http://rap.sanru.ac.ir/article-1-1288-en.html
1- Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3- Faculty of Animal Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3- Faculty of Animal Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Abstract: (1698 Views)
Extended Abstract
Introduction and Objective: The addition of phytase enzyme to poultry diets is necessary due to its inability to produce phosphorus from plant phytate. In this study, for the first time, the recombinant probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii which is producing recombinant phytase (produced domestically) was used as a dietary supplement. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of two types of phytase enzymes in wheat and corn-based diets on growth performance, cecum microbial population, carcass and bone characteristics of broilers.
Material and Methods: This study was done using 672 equal mixed male and female Hubbard Flex broilers in a completely randomized factorial design (4 × 2 factorial arrangement) with 6 replications containing 14 chickens in each replicate. Eight experimental treatments were as follows: two separate control treatments based on corn or wheat diet, two treatments containing phytase enzyme derived from recombinant Saccharomyces boulardii (500 FTU) based on corn or wheat diet, two treatments containing wild type Saccharomyces boulardii based on corn or wheat diet, and two treatments containing Hostazym P 10000 (500 FTU) based on corn or wheat diet.
Results: Broilers treated with corn diet containing recombinant phytase enzyme had significantly more weight compared to hostazym treated broilers at 10 days of age (p≤0.05). Also, all three types of dietary additives significantly reduced feed intake and feed conversion ratio in broilers compared to the control group at 41 days of age (p≤0.05). The relative weight of gizzard of chickens fed corn-based diets was higher than wheat-based diets (p≤0.05). Both recombinant and non-recombinant Saccharomyces boulardii treatments were able to reduce the relative weight of the heart in two diets based on corn and wheat, but this reduction was significant only in non-recombinant yeast. Also, chickens treated with corn-based diets containing recombinant phytase and the control group had the lowest and the highest relative weight of jejunum, respectively, among all treatments. The results of the microbial population showed that the wheat-based diet reduced the overall microbial population compared to the corn-based diet (p≤0.05). Also, recombinant and non-recombinant Saccharomyces boulardii treatments significantly reduced the bacterial population in the cecum of broilers. Phytase enzyme from recombinant yeast increased retention of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and potassium and also increased tibia bone resistance compared to other experimental treatments (p≤0.05).
Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that the phytase enzyme reduced feed intake and improved the feed conversion ratio in broilers. Also, phytase enzyme decreased jejunum weight but only recombinant and non-recombinant yeast treatments led to a significant reduction in the microbial population. The results of increasing the percentage of elements stored in the tibia and tibia resistance showed the superiority of recombinant phytase enzyme compared to commercial phytase (hostazym). Due to the lack of effect of grain type on yield traits, domestic wheat can be a good alternative to corn.
Introduction and Objective: The addition of phytase enzyme to poultry diets is necessary due to its inability to produce phosphorus from plant phytate. In this study, for the first time, the recombinant probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii which is producing recombinant phytase (produced domestically) was used as a dietary supplement. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of two types of phytase enzymes in wheat and corn-based diets on growth performance, cecum microbial population, carcass and bone characteristics of broilers.
Material and Methods: This study was done using 672 equal mixed male and female Hubbard Flex broilers in a completely randomized factorial design (4 × 2 factorial arrangement) with 6 replications containing 14 chickens in each replicate. Eight experimental treatments were as follows: two separate control treatments based on corn or wheat diet, two treatments containing phytase enzyme derived from recombinant Saccharomyces boulardii (500 FTU) based on corn or wheat diet, two treatments containing wild type Saccharomyces boulardii based on corn or wheat diet, and two treatments containing Hostazym P 10000 (500 FTU) based on corn or wheat diet.
Results: Broilers treated with corn diet containing recombinant phytase enzyme had significantly more weight compared to hostazym treated broilers at 10 days of age (p≤0.05). Also, all three types of dietary additives significantly reduced feed intake and feed conversion ratio in broilers compared to the control group at 41 days of age (p≤0.05). The relative weight of gizzard of chickens fed corn-based diets was higher than wheat-based diets (p≤0.05). Both recombinant and non-recombinant Saccharomyces boulardii treatments were able to reduce the relative weight of the heart in two diets based on corn and wheat, but this reduction was significant only in non-recombinant yeast. Also, chickens treated with corn-based diets containing recombinant phytase and the control group had the lowest and the highest relative weight of jejunum, respectively, among all treatments. The results of the microbial population showed that the wheat-based diet reduced the overall microbial population compared to the corn-based diet (p≤0.05). Also, recombinant and non-recombinant Saccharomyces boulardii treatments significantly reduced the bacterial population in the cecum of broilers. Phytase enzyme from recombinant yeast increased retention of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and potassium and also increased tibia bone resistance compared to other experimental treatments (p≤0.05).
Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that the phytase enzyme reduced feed intake and improved the feed conversion ratio in broilers. Also, phytase enzyme decreased jejunum weight but only recombinant and non-recombinant yeast treatments led to a significant reduction in the microbial population. The results of increasing the percentage of elements stored in the tibia and tibia resistance showed the superiority of recombinant phytase enzyme compared to commercial phytase (hostazym). Due to the lack of effect of grain type on yield traits, domestic wheat can be a good alternative to corn.
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