1. Agarwal, N., I. Agarwal, D.N. Kamra and L.C. Chaudhary. 2000. Diurnal variations in the activities of hydrolytic enzymes in different fractions of rumen contents of Murrah buffalo. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 18(1): 73-80. [
DOI:10.1080/09712119.2000.9706325]
2. Allard, J.P., R. Kurian, E. Aghdassi, R. Muggli and D. Royall. 1997. Lipid peroxidation during n−3 fatty acid and vitamin E supplementation in humans. Lipids, 32(5): 535-541. [
DOI:10.1007/s11745-997-0068-2]
3. Bauman, D.E., A.L. Lock, B.A. Corl, C. Ip, A.M. Salter and P.W. Parodi. 2006. Milk fatty acids and human health: potential role of conjugated linoleic acid and trans fatty acids. In Ruminant physiology: Digestion, metabolism and impact of nutrition on gene expression, immunology and stress, 523-555. Wageningen Academic Publishers, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
4. Bhatia, A.L., K. Manda, S. Patni and A.L. Sharma. 2006. Prophylactic action of linseed (Linum usitatissimum) oil against cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress in mouse brain. Journal of Medicinal Food, 9: 261-264. [
DOI:10.1089/jmf.2006.9.261]
5. Broderick, G.A. and J.H. Kang. 1980. Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and total amino acids in ruminal fluid and in vitro media. Journal of Dairy Science, 54: 1176-1183.
6. Caroprese, M., M. Albenzio, A. Bruno, V. Fedele, A. Santillo and A. Sevi. 2011. Effect of solar radiation and flaxseed supplementation on milk production and fatty acid profile of lactating ewes under high ambient temperature. Journal of Dairy Science, 94(8): 3856-3867. [
DOI:10.3168/jds.2010-4067]
7. Casamassima, D., M. Palazzo, F. Vizzarri, M. Cinone and C. Corino. 2013. Effect of dietary phenylpropanoid glycoside-based natural extracts on blood parameters and productive performance in intensively-reared young hares. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 58(6): 270-278. [
DOI:10.17221/6825-CJAS]
8. Côrtes, C., D. da Silva-Kazama, R. Kazama, C. Benchaar, G. dos Santos, L.M. Zeoula, N. Gagnon and H.V. Petit. 2013. Effects of abomasal infusion of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) oil on microbial [beta]-glucuronidase activity and concentration of the mammalian lignan enterolactone in ruminal fluid, plasma, urine and milk of dairy cows. The British Journal of Nutrition, 109(3): 433. [
DOI:10.1017/S0007114512001341]
9. Ghoorchi, T. and B. Ghorbani. 2011. Rumen Microbiology. Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran, 167 pp (In Persian).
10. Gladine C., C. Morand and E. Rock, D. Bauchart and D. Durand. 2007. Plant extracts rich in polyphenols (PERP) are efficient antioxidants to prevent lipoperoxidation in plasma lipids from animals fed n− 3 PUFA supplemented diets. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 136(3): 281-296. [
DOI:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2006.09.003]
11. Hao, X.Y., S.C. Yu, C.T. Mu, D.X. Wu, C.X. Zhaoa, and J. Zhang. 2020. Replacing soybean meal with flax seed meal: effects on nutrientdigestibility, rumen microbial protein synthesis and growthperformance in sheep. Animal, 14(9): 1841-1848. [
DOI:10.1017/S1751731120000397]
12. Hossein Abadi, M., N. Torbatinejad, T. Ghoorchi and A. Toghdory. 2020. Effects of feeding different levels of flaxseed on performance, nutrient digestibility and blood parameters of pre-weaning calves. Research on Animal Production, 11(28):67-74 (In Persian).
13. Landete, J.M. 2012. Plant and mammalian lignans: A review of source, intake, metabolism, intestinal bacteria and health. Food Research International. 46: 410-424. [
DOI:10.1016/j.foodres.2011.12.023]
14. Loor, J.J., A. Ferlay, A. Ollier, M. Doreau and Y. Chilliard. 2005. Relationship among trans and conjugated fatty acids and bovine milk fat yield due to dietary concentrate and linseed oil. Journal of Dairy Science, 88(2): 726-740. [
DOI:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)72736-3]
15. Mehrani, K., T. Ghoorchi, A. Toghdory and R. Rajabi AliAbadi, 2021. Effect of different levels of potato on nutrient digestibility, fibrolytic enzyme and ruminal characteristics in Dalagh ewes. Research on Animal Production, 11(30): 49-56 (In Persian).
16. McDonald, J.E., H.E. Allison and A.J. McCarthy. 2010. Composition of the landfill microbial community as determined by application of domain-and group-specific 16S and 18S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 76(4): 1301-1306. [
DOI:10.1128/AEM.01783-09]
17. Micek, P., F. Borowiec and M. Marciński. 2004. Linseed-based diets for sheep. 1. Nutrient digestibility, N retention and rumen fermentation. Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences, 13(2): 15-18. [
DOI:10.22358/jafs/70283/2004]
18. National Research Council. 1985. Nutrient Requirement of Sheep. National Academy Press Washington D.C.
19. Nega, A. and S. Melaku. 2009. Feed intake, digestibility and body weight change in Farta sheep fed hay supplemented with rice bran and/or noug seed (Guizotia abyssinica) meal. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 41(4): 507-515. [
DOI:10.1007/s11250-008-9215-5]
20. Normand, J., D. Bastien, D. Bauchart, F. Chaigneau, G. Chesneau, M. Doreau, J.P. Farrié, A. Joulié, D. Le Pichon, C. Peyronnet and A. Quinsac. 2005. Produire de la viande bovine enrichie en acides gras polyinsaturés oméga 3 à partir de graines de lin: quelles modalités d'apport du lin, quelles conséquences sur la qualité de la viande? Rencontre Recherche Ruminants, 12: 359-366.
21. Nudda, A., G. Battacone, A.S. Atzori, C. Dimauro, S.P.G. Rassu, P. Nicolussi, P. Bonelli and G. Pulina. 2013. Effect of extruded linseed supplementation on blood metabolic profile and milk performance of Saanen goats. Animal, 7(9): 1464-1471. [
DOI:10.1017/S1751731113000931]
22. Nudda, A., G. Battacone, M.G. Usai, S. Fancellu and G. Pulina. 2006. Supplementation with extruded linseed cake affects concentrations of conjugated linoleic acid and vaccenic acid in goat milk. Journal of Dairy Science, 89(1): 277-282. [
DOI:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(06)72092-6]
23. Oomah, D.B., G. Mazza and E.O. Kenaschuk. 1996. Dehulling characteristics of flaxseed. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 29: 245-250. [
DOI:10.1006/fstl.1996.0036]
24. Petit, H.V. 2002. Digestion, milk production, milk composition, and blood composition of dairy cows fed whole flaxseed. Journal of Dairy Science, 85(6): 1482-1490. [
DOI:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74217-3]
25. Petit, H.V. 2003. Digestion, milk production, milk composition, and blood composition of dairy cows fed formaldehyde treated flaxseed or sunflower seed. Journal of Dairy Science, 86(8): 2637-2646. [
DOI:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)73859-4]
26. Petit, H.V., R.J. Dewhurst, J.G. Proulx, M. Khalid, W. Haresign and H.T. Wagiramungu. 2001. Milk production, milk composition, and reproductive function of dairy cows fed different fats. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 81(2): 263-271. [
DOI:10.4141/A00-096]
27. Quezada, N. and G. Cherian. 2012. Lipid characterization and antioxidant status of the seeds and meals of Camelina sativa and flax. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 114: 974-982. [
DOI:10.1002/ejlt.201100298]
28. Raghuvansi, S.K.S., R. Prasad, A.S. Mishra, O.H. Chaturvedi, M.K.Tripathi, A.K.Misra, B.L. Saraswat and R.C. Jakhmola. 2007. Effect of inclusion of tree leaves in feed on nutrient utilization and rumen fermentation in sheep. Bioresource Technology, 98(3): 511-517. [
DOI:10.1016/j.biortech.2006.02.008]
29. Russell, J.B., J.D. O'connor, D.G. Fox, P.J. Van Soest and C.J. Sniffen 1992. A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets: I. Ruminal fermentation. Journal of Animal Science, 70(11): 3551-3561. [
DOI:10.2527/1992.70113551x]
30. Scislowski, V., D. Bauchart, D. Gruffat, P.M. Laplaud and D. Durand. 2005. Effects of dietary n-6 or n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids protected or not against ruminal hydrogenation on plasma lipids and their susceptibility to peroxidation in fattening steers. Journal of Animal Science, 83(9): 2162-2174. [
DOI:10.2527/2005.8392162x]
31. Sevi, A., G. Annicchiarico, M. Albenzio, L. Taibi, A. Muscio and S. Dell'Aquila. 2001. Effects of solar radiation and feeding time on behavior, immune response and production of lactating ewes under high ambient temperature. Journal of Dairy Science, 84(3): 629-640. [
DOI:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)74518-3]
32. Tafa, A., S. Melaku and K.J. Peters. 2010. Supplementation with linseed (Linum usitatissimum) cake and/or wheat bran on feed utilization and carcass characteristics of Arsi-Bale sheep. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 42: 677-685. [
DOI:10.1007/s11250-009-9475-8]
33. Worden, L.C., M.G. Erickson, S. Gramer, C. Tap, C. Ylioja, N. Trottier and E.L. Karcher. 2017. Decreasing the dietary ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids increases the omega-3 concentration of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in weaned Holstein heifer calves. Journal of Dairy Science. 101: 1227-1233. [
DOI:10.3168/jds.2017-12696]